TEDE Communidade: O Programa foi reformulado para PPG em Biologia Humana e Experimental (DE - Deliberação UERJ n. 0013 / 2007)O Programa foi reformulado para PPG em Biologia Humana e Experimental (DE - Deliberação UERJ n. 0013 / 2007)http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/160802024-03-29T05:28:08Z2024-03-29T05:28:08ZSuplementação materna com óleo de peixe e efeitos cardiovasculares na prole adulta de ratos submetidos à restrição protéica perinatalGregório, Bianca Martinshttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/160862024-02-26T23:00:46Z2007-01-17T00:00:00ZTítulo: Suplementação materna com óleo de peixe e efeitos cardiovasculares na prole adulta de ratos submetidos à restrição protéica perinatal
Autor: Gregório, Bianca Martins
Primeiro orientador: Lacerda, Márcia Barbosa Águila Mandarim de
Abstract: Female Wistar rats fed in gestation and first 10 lactation days with normal protein diet (19 g protein/kg diet) (NP group) or low-protein diet (5g protein/kg diet) (LP group), also received daily fish oil supplement (Fo, n-3 PUFA rich) during same period. Offspring put in groups NP, NP-Fo, LP, LP-Fo, until sacrifice at 6-mo-old when hearts removed, prepared for light microscopy and stereology. There was mild hypertension in both LP genders from 3- until 6 mo-old. Blood pressure affected by undernutrition was minimized by maternal Fo supplementation. In body index between groups there was no significant difference with maternal Fo supplementation. The left ventricle was thicker in both genders of LP groups compared to counterpart NP groups (+25% in male LP group, P=0.01, +22% in female LP group, P=0.001); however, less thick in LP-Fo groups compared to LP groups (-23% in male LP-Fo group, P=0.001, - 12% in female LP-Fo group, P=0.02). Male LP group offspring had significantly smaller intramyocardial microcirculation than NP group (-50%, P=0.01), while male LP-Fo group had 89% higher microcirculation than LP group (P=0.004). Both gender LP group offspring had significantly higher interstitial fibrosis compared with NP groups. The maternal Fo supplementation has beneficial effects in LP , but not in NP offspring. In conclusion, our data clearly indicate postnatal hypertension and collateral cardiovascular adverse remodeling, programmed by low-protein diet in utero and lactation was prevented by perinatal supplementation with fish oil, n-3 PUFA rich, providing a viable non-pharmacologic option for preventing and/or reducing adverse programming outcomes in human.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2007-01-17T00:00:00ZRestrição protéica materna associada à dieta herlipídica pós-natal altera a estrutura hepática na prole adultaSouza-Mello, Vanessa dehttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/160852024-02-26T23:00:46Z2007-01-16T00:00:00ZTítulo: Restrição protéica materna associada à dieta herlipídica pós-natal altera a estrutura hepática na prole adulta
Autor: Souza-Mello, Vanessa de
Primeiro orientador: Lacerda, Márcia Barbosa Águila Mandarim de
Abstract: Neonatal protein restriction has been associated with metabolic, structural and morphological adaptations in diverse organs. The type of postnatal diet can further exacerbate these outcomes. The present work aimed at evaluating the effects a postnatal hyperlipidic diet exerts on hepatic morphological parameters of rats subjected to perinatal protein restriction. Virgin female Wistar were divided into 2 groups: normal protein (NP) and low protein (LP). NP dams received standard diet for pregnant rats (AIN-93/Rhoster_- 19% protein) during the whole pregnancy and first half lactation, whereas LP dams had free access to na isocaloric diet lacking the recommended amount of protein (5% protein) for the same period. At weaning, offspring were assigned to one of the 8 nutritional groups according to the diet they will receive (SC standard chow or HF high fat): a) male NP-SC; b) female NP-SC; c) male NP-HF; d) female NP-HF; e) male LPSC; f) female LP-SC; g) male LP-HF e h) fêmea RP-ADE. Body mass and blood pressure were measured weekly until 6 months, when euthanasia occurred. Liver was carefully dissected and had its volume determined through Scherle s method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc test of Bonferroni were used to test differences among the groups (p<0,05). The HF diet provoked overweight in NP-HF groups from both genders on day 77 (p<0,001). However, LP-HFC groups showed a delayed response and sexual dimorphism, as only females developed overweight on day 112 (p<0,05). As for hepatic alterations, protein restriction resulted in hepatocyte deficit in both genders (p<0.01), existing an additional shift from HF diet exclusively in males (p<0.01). Furthermore, higher steatosis rates were found in protein restricted animals (Vv = 15%, p<0.01), having the post-weaning HF diet an additional effect on this outcome in LP-HF (Vv > 33%, p<0.001). Fetal programming and HF diet as single stimulus caused mild hypertension at 3 months, an important reduction in hepatocyte number as well as stage 1 steatosis at 6 months. However, when both stimuli were applied simultaneously, hypertension and hepatocyte number deficit were worsened and grade 2 steatosis occurred. All of these serve to highlight the paramount importance of intrauterine conditions and postnatal diet quality when it comes to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2007-01-16T00:00:00ZEfeitos benéficos da rosuvastatina no remodelamento da parede da aorta em ratos deficientes em óxido nítricoFerreira, Rodrigo Netohttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/160842024-02-26T23:00:46Z2008-02-20T00:00:00ZTítulo: Efeitos benéficos da rosuvastatina no remodelamento da parede da aorta em ratos deficientes em óxido nítrico
Autor: Ferreira, Rodrigo Neto
Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Jorge José de
Abstract: The excessive adiposity and increased blood pressure, beginning in hildhood, together with accelerated adverse longitudinal changes in risk variables of metabolic syndrome throughout young adulthood characterized the early natural history of hypertension. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, or statins, affect the endothelial function independently of its hypolipemiant capacity and, additionally, could have importance in the control of the blood pressure due to their pleiotropic effects. This study aimed at evaluating the beneficial effects of Rosuvastatin upon structural and ultrastructural aortic remodeling in a model of hypertension induced by NO synthase blockade in rats. Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Control group (C), normotensive untreated; control treated group (CR), normotensive treated with Rosuvastatin (20mg/kg/day); L-NAME group (LN), hypertensive that received L-NAME (40mg/kg/day); and L-NAME treated group (LNR), which received L-NAME and Rosuvastatin in the same doses. Animals were deeply anaesthetized and killed after 5 weeks of drugs administration. The L-NAME administration yielded higher blood pressure (BP) values in LN and LNR groups. The concomitant treatment with L-NAME and Rosuvastatin showed efficacy in reducing BP levels in comparison with the hypertensive group. It was observed thicker internal and media tunics of thoracic aorta in LN group, but not in LNR group. All in all, the administration of Rosuvastatin to NO deficient animals provoked by chronic L-NAME administration during five weeks proved to have beneficial effects on BP, improved the endothelial dysfunction, and attenuated the adverse structural remodeling of the aortic wall
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2008-02-20T00:00:00ZAnálise estereológica e bioquímica do tecido conjuntivo e muscular no corpo cavernoso adjacente à placa fibrosa da doença de PeyronieRibeiro, Sabrina Barbosa Rebello Lessahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/160832024-02-26T23:00:46Z2008-02-28T00:00:00ZTítulo: Análise estereológica e bioquímica do tecido conjuntivo e muscular no corpo cavernoso adjacente à placa fibrosa da doença de Peyronie
Autor: Ribeiro, Sabrina Barbosa Rebello Lessa
Primeiro orientador: Costa, Waldemar Silva
Abstract: Studies on Peyronie disease (PD) usually focus the analysis on the fibrous plaque that forms in the tunica albuginea (TA). Because this fibrotic reaction is mediated by various inflammatory soluble factors adjacent connective tissues might also be affected. This secondary effect might explain, for example, the erectile dysfunction that occurs in this disease. We thus investigated the structural organization of the connective tissue in the corpus cavernosum (CC) adjacent to the fibrous plaque using stereological and biochemical techniques:During surgery of 7 PD patients (mean age 48.3 years), biopsies were obtained from the CC adjacent to the fibrous plaque and from the plaque itself. All patients had normal erection. Controls were similarly located samples from normal penises obtained during autopsy of 5 individuals (mean age 52.3 years). Tissue samples were stained with Weigert's stain (elastic fibers), Van Gieson's stain (connective tissue), and Sirius red (collagen). Stereological analysis was done using a 42-point grid to determine volumetric densities (Vv). Total collagen content was estimated as µg hyroxyproline per mg dry CC. Vv of elastic fibers was significantly reduced by 17.3% in PD compared with controls (19.49%±3.27% vs 23.56%±1.87%; p<0.05), while SMC (34.46%±2.06%) and connective tissue (35.39%±6.15%) Vv in this disease were not significantly different from those of controls (38.38%±3.17% and 38.02%±5.03%, respectively). Vv of elastic fibers in the fibrous plaque was decreased by 38.3% compared with the normal TA (20.25%±5.49% vs 32.81%±4.75%; p<0.02), and collagen concentration in the CC from controls (77.94±24.26 µg/mg) and PD (66.57±19.39 µg/mg) did not differ significantly. Sirius red-stained sections under polarized light revealed that, in the normal CC, collagen-associated colors were homogeneously distributed. In PD, stained collagen had a disrupted orientation and had a more heterogeneous birefringence, which imply looser collagen bundles. The quantitative analyses indicated that collagen in the CC close to the fibrous plaque was not affected, although its organization was noticeably altered. Cavernosal elastic fibers were reduced though, and a similar change was found in the fibrous plaque of the TA. These results suggest that, although occurring primarily in the TA, the PD fibrous plaque may induce changes in the adjacent CC.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2008-02-28T00:00:00Z