http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/3545 2026-09-05T18:07:43Z 2026-09-05T18:07:43Z Fonte, Vinícius Rodrigues Fernandes da http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26113 2026-09-02T19:26:06Z 2025-06-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Representações sociais das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e práticas de prevenção entre homens com orientação sexual distinta Autor: Fonte, Vinícius Rodrigues Fernandes da Primeiro orientador: Spindola, Thelma Abstract: The present study had the general objective of analyzing the social representations of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their prevention among young heterosexual and homosexual men. To this end, a descriptive qualitative design was adopted, grounded in Social Representations Theory through its structural and processual dimensions. Data collection took place in public youth socialization spaces and in a virtual environment in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between September 2022 and April 2024. Two hundred young people aged 18 to 29 participated in the research—100 heterosexual and 100 homosexual—selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, of whom 57 also underwent semi-structured interviews. The instruments included a questionnaire on socioeconomic profile, sexual behaviors, knowledge and preventive practices regarding STIs, and access to health services; free evocations using the inductor terms “STI” and “STI prevention”; and an interview guide for semi-structured interviews. Analysis was conducted via descriptive statistics using SPSS software, prototypical analysis of free evocations with Evoc software, and lexical analysis with IRaMuTeQ software. The study complied with ethical standards and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. In the evocation analysis, homosexual youth highlighted in the probable central core the terms “HIV-AIDS,” “syphilis,” “disease,” “condom,” and “fear” when referring to STIs, and “condom,” “PrEP,” and “care” in relation to prevention. In contrast, heterosexual youth primarily evoked “disease,” “HIV-AIDS,” “sex,” “fear,” and “prevention” for the first term, and “condom,” “care,” and “prevention” for the second. The lexical analysis revealed that, among heterosexuals, representations revolved around knowledge of transmission, preventive practices conditioned by the type of relationship, access to health services only in risk situations, and cultural barriers linked to masculinity. In the homosexual group, the categories encompassed prevention methods (including PEP, PrEP, and rapid tests), diagnosis, regular access to health services, knowledge about transmission and prevention forms, and reflections on the stigma associated with HIV and the homosexual community. The results indicate that, while heterosexual men tend to maintain abstract conceptions influenced by heteronormative norms—with lower adherence to regular preventive practices—homosexual men demonstrate greater internalization of combined prevention strategies and heightened awareness of their vulnerability, especially to HIV. These findings underscore the need for more targeted educational and health interventions capable of overcoming resistance to continuous condom use, expanding knowledge of innovative measures such as PrEP and PEP, and reducing the social stigma that hinders access to preventive care. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese

2025-06-30T00:00:00Z Alves, Norielle Macedo http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26112 2026-09-02T19:23:05Z 2025-06-04T00:00:00Z

Título: A influência da espiritualidade e religiosidade na vivência da família da criança e adolescente com câncer Autor: Alves, Norielle Macedo Primeiro orientador: Nunes, Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues Abstract: Pediatric cancer accounts for approximately 3% of malignant neoplasms affecting children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years old. It is a stigmatized chronic condition that evokes fear, distress, vulnerability and hopelessness in both patients and their families. For families, the onset of the disease brings significant changes in daily life requiring adaptation and the development of coping strategies. Religiosity and spirituality have proven to be important resources for many families facing the diagnosis of a childhood cancer and they should be considered in care planning. However, beliefs related to the illness can function either as a supportive factor or as a barrier to adherence to the required treatment. In light of the need to better understand this influence, the present study aimed to examine how spirituality and religiosity affect families during the course of pediatric oncology treatment. The Trinity Model was used as the theoretical framework for this research. It is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study. Data collection was carried out with family members of children and adolescents aged 2 to 20 years old who had been undergoing cancer treatment for at least six months since diagnosis, all of whom were receiving care at a specialized oncology center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis, as proposed by Elo and Kyngäs. A total of 14 family members of children and teenagers diagnosed with cancer participated in the study, the majority of whom were mothers (92.9%) and identified as evangelical Christians (64,3%). The findings were organized into two main categories. The first, “Dimensions of Spiritual Comfort,” highlights how spirituality can serve as a significant source of relief for families, manifested through inner strength, hope, consolation, faith in healing, belief in a higher purpose and support from the religious community. The second category, “The Face of Spiritual Suffering,” captures the internal conflicts generated by faith in the face of suffering. It illustrates how spirituality may also contribute to distress, evoking uncertainty, misunderstanding, guilt, anguish and questions about divine purpose. Both categories converge in the overarching theme: “The Light and Shadow of Spirituality,” which expresses the ambiguity of the spiritual experience lived by families of children and adolescents with cancer. The study concludes that spirituality and religiosity can be either strengthening or limiting forces, marked by fluctuations between moments of intense faith—bringing comfort and hope—and periods of deep doubt—leading to emotional suffering and distress during cancer treatment. Therefore, understanding how each family experiences these dynamics can support the planning of a humanized, holistic and high quality nursing care. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2025-06-04T00:00:00Z Oliveira, Luciana da Veiga Martins de http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26111 2026-09-02T19:17:51Z 2025-07-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Representações sociais de enfermeiros sobre a experiência de quase morte Autor: Oliveira, Luciana da Veiga Martins de Primeiro orientador: Marques, Sérgio Corrêa Abstract: Introduction: Social representations of a patient's near-death experience by nurses, can be understood as an interpretation of the reality experienced and spoken by this social group, which directs behaviors and communications. The object of this research was limited to the field of social representations of the near-death experience among nurses. Objective: To analyze the social representation of near-death experiences for nurses and the relationship with the spirituality/religiosity of professionals. Methodology: This is a qualitative study based on the procedural approach of the Theory of Social Representations. Twenty nurses who worked in the Intensive Care Units of a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro participated in the study. A form was used to obtain sociodemographic and professional data, and a semi-structured interview was conducted with the use of a script to identify the contents of the social representations of the near-death experience. The information collected using the sociodemographic and professional data form was recorded in an Excel spreadsheet and organized in tables. The interview contents were organized into a corpus and subsequently analyzed through lexical analysis, with the support of the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: From the text segments, 4 (four) classes of responses associated with the social representations of nurses about the near-death experience were constituted. Regarding the analysis of the interviews, two blocks were generated, the first being named: “Spirituality in the context of care and the near-death experience”, composed of classe 2: “The critical patient and spiritual experiences and care” and 2: “The second block in turn was entitled “The understanding of the phenomenon of the near-death experience from the nurse's perspective” containing class 4: “The contribution of spirituality to understanding the near-death experience”, class 3: “The perception, images and meanings of the near-death experience for nurses” and class 1: “The circulation of information about the near-death experience and the barriers that hinder the reports of patients who have experienced it”. Conclusion: This work achieved the proposed objectives, raising relevant discussions for nursing care for the patient who experiences an NDE and its consequences. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2025-07-25T00:00:00Z Silva, Gabrielle Borges da http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26110 2026-09-02T19:15:51Z 2025-06-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Tecnologias educacionais para o ensino do cuidado às parturientes na formação de enfermeiras obstétricas: dialética das percepções Autor: Silva, Gabrielle Borges da Primeiro orientador: Prata, Juliana Amaral Abstract: This dissertation aimed to systematize educational technologies for teaching care to women in labor in the training of obstetric nurses. Specifically, it sought to describe the technologies used, understand the teachers’ intentions in their use, and discuss their relevance in training, from the perspective of both teachers and residents in obstetric nursing. This is an exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative study, conducted with four teachers of the course “Obstetric Nursing I: Women’s and Newborn Health” and 17 first-year residents of the Obstetric Nursing Residency Program at the Nursing School of the State University of Rio de Janeiro. Data collection took place between February and June 2024 through semi-structured interviews with the teachers and focus groups with the residents, and was subsequently processed using the IRAMUTEQ software. Afterwards, data triangulation was carried out with the information obtained through systematic observation of the classes of the aforementioned course.The descending hierarchical classification of the professors' interviews generated five classes, which demonstrate creativity in designing educational technologies based on the use of diverse active methodologies as part of critical and problematizing teaching. To this end, they resort to dramatizations, conversation circles, circular dialogue, the flipped classroom, the use of playful resources, collective constructions, discussions of clinical cases, and experiential dynamics to materialize abstract knowledge and promote body awareness, autonomy, creative and meaningful learning, as well as critical thinking and acting. When applied to focus groups, it generated five classes, which reveal that residents have many criticisms regarding the use of these technologies, expressing a preference for content-based methodologies and passive attitudes in the teaching and learning process. Concerning the worldview of banking pedagogy, most criticisms reveal the use of educational technologies as a “waste of time” and argue that the content should be addressed in a more objective and targeted manner.However, some considerations of the residents are pertinent and reveal the current challenges of the discipline. These findings raised reflections on the way in which educational technologies have been adopted and questions about the achievement of the proposed pedagogical objectives, given the dialectic of perceptions of teachers and residents in relation to educational technologies. Furthermore, the contents originating from the descending hierarchical classification, together with the records of participant observation, allowed the systematization of five educational technologies used in the discipline, namely: “Physiology of labor and birth: path and fetus”, “Physiology of labor and birth: hormones of labor and motor”, “Management of difficulties of labor”, “Perineal integrity” and “Repair of perineal integrity”. It is concluded that, although the technologies are relevant, weaknesses persist in the pedagogical work and residents face difficulties with active methodologies, which undermines the educational objectives and the proposal of a critical and transformative training. It is recommended to invest in teacher qualification, promote prior support for residents, and create dialogical spaces for the sharing of experiences, thus strengthening the course’s critical pedagogy. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação

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