TEDE Coleção:http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/35462024-03-28T15:00:13Z2024-03-28T15:00:13ZA perspectiva do cuidador sobre o cuidar/cuidado da criança vivendo com HIV: um estudo de representação socialPaula, Glicia Magna Joia Araujo de Limahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/209252024-02-26T19:23:03Z2023-12-20T00:00:00ZTítulo: A perspectiva do cuidador sobre o cuidar/cuidado da criança vivendo com HIV: um estudo de representação social
Autor: Paula, Glicia Magna Joia Araujo de Lima
Primeiro orientador: Marques, Sérgio Corrêa
Abstract: The object of the study is the social representation of caring for children living with HIV from the caregiver's perspective. The general objective is: to analyze care/care for children living with HIV from the caregiver's perspective. Exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study, supported by the Theory of Social Representations in its procedural approach from the perspective of social psychology. The setting was the pediatric Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic (DIP) of a University Hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The participants are ten caregivers of children living with HIV, over 18 years of age, who have been caring for the children for more than a year. Data collection was carried out using a sociodemographic and clinical characterization form referring to caregivers and children, using the free word evocation technique and semi-structured interviews, being analyzed using descriptive statistics, the evocations organized in tables, by inductive term, and the discursive production through lexical content analysis using the IRAMUTEQ software. Study evaluated by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Rio de Janeiro, approved with number 5,759,039. Among the 10 participants, seven were women and three men, the majority (30%) aged between 31 and 38 years old. The children were between five months and 10 years old, and 80% were female. Regarding the evocations referring to caring for children, the words/expressions responsibility, dedication, attention, it is complicated, difficult stand out, as well as those related to the practical dimension of care such as consultation, medication at the right time and going to the hospital. In the evocations about children with HIV, sadness, concern, prejudice, discrimination, and words referring to care practices and affective behaviors such as medication, giving the medicine, treating, caring, doctor, as well as affection, love and attention stand out. Four classes emerged from the lexical content analysis: the child using antiretrovirals - care and difficulties; the HIV test - diagnosis, guilt and care; feelings, expectations, knowledge and emotional care when living with a child with HIV; social spaces for coexistence: naturalization, discrimination and care for others. The social representations of caregivers in relation to caring for children living with HIV are expressed in the contents of free evocations and in the discursive production of caregivers. It is clear that for the group, caring for children with HIV represents responsibility, dedication, love, care (in different aspects), and is complicated/different. The representation is based on the affective-attitudinal and practical dimensions. It is concluded that nurses need to rethink the format of their assistance in order to provide attention and support to caregivers who have specific demands regarding the care of HIV-positive children.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-12-20T00:00:00ZAnálise espacial dos casos e óbitos por COVID-19 em Eunápolis – BA (2020-2021)Santana, Nilma Vitorhttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/209242024-02-26T19:23:00Z2023-12-20T00:00:00ZTítulo: Análise espacial dos casos e óbitos por COVID-19 em Eunápolis – BA (2020-2021)
Autor: Santana, Nilma Vitor
Primeiro orientador: Oliveira Neto, Mercedes de
Abstract: Introduction: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a disease with high transmission potential, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a virus that belongs to the BetaCovs genus, of the Coronaviridae family, and is considered a major threat to global public health. Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of COVID-19 incidence and mortality in the municipality of Eunápolis/BA from 2020 to 2021. Methodology: Descriptive ecological study, based on secondary data from the e-SUS Notifica Information System. The study scenario was the municipality of Eunápolis, which is located in the extreme south of Bahia, 651 kilometers from the capital, Salvador, with a population of 113,709 inhabitants according to the IBGE 2022 census count. This study included all confirmed cases and deaths from COVID-19 reported on e-SUS notifica, excluding duplicates and fields that had not been filled in. The variables gender, age group, race/color, signs and symptoms, risk factors/comorbidities, final case classification and case evolution were used in the fields contained in the notification/investigation form. Maps were built using COVID-19 records based on addresses from the IBGE's National Registry of Addresses for Statistical Purposes (CNEFE), making it possible to locate cases according to census tracts, and the maps were made using the QGIS program, version 2.18.20. The Ethics Committee of the University of Rio de Janeiro, under opinion no. 5.341.386, approved the research. Results: Confirmed COVID-19 cases affected more the female population, brown race/color, with an age range of 30 to 49 years, it was observed that fever, cough and sore throat were the most prevalent signs and symptoms in the years in question and that chronic heart disease, diabetes, followed by immunosuppression were the most prominent comorbidities. Analysis of the maps showed a concentration of rates (incidence of cases and deaths) in urban census sectors, with case incidence rates showing a concentration of disease transmission in the central part of the municipality in both years. With regard to deaths, there was a higher prevalence among males, individuals > 60 years of age, brown race/color, with heart disease, diabetes, decompensated chronic respiratory disease and individuals with no record of comorbidities with greater emphasis on risk factors. It was noted that in relation to the death rate, the spatial pattern was similar to the distribution of case incidence rates (in both time and space), with a progressive increase in death rates until the first half of 2021. Conclusion: This study can contribute to the municipality's health surveillance to better plan and adopt specific measures focused on each location, through its characteristics and territorial dynamics, in addition to describing the pattern of the disease and its clinical and epidemiological characteristics, it reinforces that surveillance can go beyond data collection and can foster decision-making based on adequate planning and execution of actions in the territory taking into account the dynamics between the variables most affected by COVID-19.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-12-20T00:00:00ZGestão do cuidado à pessoa idosa hospitalizada: o conforto como resultado essencialNicoli, Esther Mourãohttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/208392024-02-26T19:23:04Z2023-06-13T00:00:00ZTítulo: Gestão do cuidado à pessoa idosa hospitalizada: o conforto como resultado essencial
Autor: Nicoli, Esther Mourão
Primeiro orientador: Silva, Frances Valéria Costa e
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the production of comfort as a therapeutic result of nursing care management. Method: This is an exploratory-descriptive research, based on a qualitative approach, carried out in the clinical and surgical nursing services of a university hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Data collection took place from May to June 2022, with 19 nurses. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were used, subsequently submitted to Bardin's thematic-categorical analysis. The theoretical framework was supported by Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort. The work was approved by the Ethics Committee - Presentation Certificate of Ethical Appreciation nº 57513722.0.0000.5282. Results and discussion: Among the limits for the management of care for hospitalized elderly people, inadequate staffing emerges as the main challenge. The lack of personnel implies a need to prioritize tasks, of which techniques are perceived as the most important. Furthermore, the overload and stress faced by nurses generate discomfort for the team, which is reflected in the care provided. Unpreparedness and lack of knowledge were also identified as important challenges, since professional insecurity causes nurses to opt for restrictive interventions, believing they care about patient safety and end up sacrificing comfort. Among the possibilities, experience emerges as the main element, in addition to leadership and care protocols, which bring legitimacy, autonomy, agility and effectiveness to practice, in addition to being educational tools. The main risks to the hospitalized elderly person identified by the nurses were: falls, pressure injuries and impaired tissue integrity, neurological disorders, particularly delirium and pneumonia, and bronchoaspiration. The main strategies adopted by nurses to ensure the comfort and safety of hospitalized elderly people are related to the environment and encouraging the presence of family members. However, the intervening variables, over which the professional has no influence, were not considered (inadequate physical structure, unavailability of family members and hospital rules), which meant that the interventions were not effective, since they did not change the level of comfort. Conclusion: The analysis of the findings allows us to conclude that, although care management aims to promote comfort, safety and autonomy, nursing practices are highly concerned with patient safety, while comfort and autonomy seem to be sacrificed for the sake of its promotion
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-06-13T00:00:00ZCondições geradoras de riscos e barreiras de segurança na administração de medicamentos em momentos da pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo transversalLage, Juliane Silveira Lobohttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/208162024-02-26T19:23:05Z2023-06-06T00:00:00ZTítulo: Condições geradoras de riscos e barreiras de segurança na administração de medicamentos em momentos da pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo transversal
Autor: Lage, Juliane Silveira Lobo
Primeiro orientador: Camerini, Flávia Giron
Abstract: Introduction: in health care provided to the population in hospitals, drug administration stands out as a frequent therapeutic activity. In this perspective, this research aims to assess the conditions that generate risk in the stage of medication administration by the nursing team in moments of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective general: to analyze the risk-generating conditions during the medication administration stage by the nursing team at different times of the COVID-19 pandemic, in a university hospital. Method: this is an analytical cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out in a university hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using a documented and validated instrument, which was filled out by nursing professionals, responsible for administering medications at the institution. Result: 236 professionals participated in the study, most of them female, 189 (80.08%), aged between 20 and 66 years, 149 (63.14%) nurses and 87 (36.86%) with working professionally for more than 10 years. The most frequent risk-generating conditions, related to the drugs identified in the study, were the administration of drugs by verbal order in cases that are not considered as emergencies (29;12.13%), followed by low adherence to the urgency of the drugs in the routine pre-protected use before hospitalization (21; 8.78%); on the other hand, the conditions that generated risks identified in the medication administration process were the low adherence of professionals to notify incidents related to medication (59; 24.68%), followed by low adherence to return leftover medication to the pharmacy (57; 23.84%). Conclusion: It was evidenced in the study that the institution has processes well achieved in terms of patient safety in medication administration. The results indicate that there was no statistical significance in the analysis of risk-generating conditions between the study periods, with the exception of the item that assesses the need to use aseptic technique before administering the medication (p-value 0.017).
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-06-06T00:00:00Z