TEDE Coleção:http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/35622024-03-28T18:42:12Z2024-03-28T18:42:12ZRemodelamento do tecido hepático e do tecido adiposo em camundongos Swiss Webster na esquistossomose aguda e submetidos à dieta hiperlipídicaUbirajara, Thainá de Melohttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/210462024-02-26T22:54:39Z2020-05-05T00:00:00ZTítulo: Remodelamento do tecido hepático e do tecido adiposo em camundongos Swiss Webster na esquistossomose aguda e submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica
Autor: Ubirajara, Thainá de Melo
Primeiro orientador: Neves, Renata Heisler
Abstract: Dyslipidemia and schistosomiasis are considered a serious public health problem today, affecting about 2.5 million people in Brazil and more than 240 million worldwide. Thus, in order to better understand the pathological process of schistosomiasis, the remodeling of liver and adipose tissue in experimental acute schistosomiasis in female Swiss Webster mice submitted to the high-fat diet and their respective controls was evaluated. Female mice received a high-fat diet (29% lipids) or a standard diet (12% lipids) and after 5 months were infected subcutaneously with 100 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (BH strain). After 9 weeks of infection, the animals were euthanized and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The content of the peritoneal lavage was removed to check the pattern of immune response present in the macrophages, for this purpose the cytokines with pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and chemokine MCP-1 were dosed. The liver and visceral adipose tissue were removed, weighed and subjected to routine histological processing. We used Hematoxylin & Eosin, Lennert’s Giemsa, Gomori Reticulin and Picrosirius Red stains to perform histopathological analyzes; stereological, morphometric; verification of cell composition and quantification of granuloma collagen. The data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test or by the ANOVA analysis of variance with Tukey-Kramer post-test. Biochemical analysis confirmed the condition of dyslipidemia in animals fed a high-fat diet, however, lipid and glucose concentrations were significantly lower in infected animals. Schistosomal infection stimulated different hematopoietic lineage and induced an immune response directed to the pro-inflammatory profile. The infected groups had greater liver mass regardless of the diet introduced. In addition, E both liver and adipose tissue showed changes in morphological architecture, due to an intense inflammatory process. The morphometric analysis of the centrilobular and hepatic veins revealed that both the high-fat diet and schistosomal infection affected the parameters and morphometry of these considered vessels. We conclude that diet-induced dyslipidemia interferes with some parameters of experimental acute infection, as it promotes the remodeling of the immune profile of cytokines produced by macrophages, the disruption of liver and adipose tissue and the modulation of the morphometric parameters of centrolobular and veins hepatic
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2020-05-05T00:00:00ZA influência da antibioticoterapia na tricuríase em fase crônicaSilva, Alessandra Campos dahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/209672024-02-26T22:54:39Z2019-06-07T00:00:00ZTítulo: A influência da antibioticoterapia na tricuríase em fase crônica
Autor: Silva, Alessandra Campos da
Primeiro orientador: Torres, Eduardo José Lopes
Abstract: Geohelminthiasis are parasitic infections caused by nematodes and transmitted by direct or indirect contact of the host with soil contaminated with human feces. Human trichuriasis is developed by the species Trichuris trichiura. T.muris has been used as an experimental model and has proven to be a powerful tool for exploring infection establishment and maintenance processes. The effectiveness of drugs used against geohelminthiasis has diminished over time as they are widely distributed for preventive chemotherapy, so the threat of resistance is real and immediate. There is a need to study new forms of treatment for soil-borne diseases. This study aims to evaluate the impact of antibiotic therapy on the parasitic biology of Trichuris muris, and the effects of this drug on tissue changes caused by infection and its influence on the intestinal microbiota and the bacteria associated with the process of tissue invasion as a result of this parasitosis. Male mice (swiss webster) were infected with 150 T. muris eggs. After infection was established, the animals were treated with subcutaneous Piperacillin + Tazobactan (8mg / day) for eight days. Stool samples were collected for parasitological examination and after 45 days the animals were euthanized and necropsied. Different tissues were collected and processed for hematological / biochemical, immunological and histopathological techniques. Our results show that the treatment had no impact on the parasite's reproductive biology, fecal egg clearance and parasite load. As expected, the infected animals presented a significant thickening of the intestinal mucosa, submucosa and muscular layer, where we characterized a polymorphonuclear infiltrate, with few macrophages, in the intestinal mucosa and submucosa an intense polymorphonuclear and lymphoplasmic infiltrate. Antibiotic therapy promoted a significant reduction in epithelial submucosa thickening, reducing the inflammatory infiltrate, with few cells identified in this layer. In the immunological aspects we observed a decrease in IL-10 production in the infected animals serum treated and a reduction of IL-6 and an increase of TNF and INF- in the mesenteric lymph node and serum of this group. There was an increase in IL-6 in the caecum of infected animals compared to those treated. Regarding Th2 cytokines, our data suggest, even without significant difference, a reduction in IL-4 and IL-10 release in the serum of infected animals undergoing treatment. Invasive bacteria were identified only in the submucosa of untreated infected and control animals as well as the presence of enterobacteria was observed only in these two groups. We conclude that antibiotic therapy has no impact on nematode reproductive activity or parasite load, indicating that this drug has no action against the parasite. However, the treatment significantly reduced intestinal bacterial colonization and this resulted in the elimination of the bacterial invasion process in the epithelial submucosa, providing a significant reduction in the intestinal inflammatory infiltrate. We found that chronic trichuriasis develops a more serious infectious aspect due to the synergism that occurs between adult worm lesions and invasion of opportunistic bacteria.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2019-06-07T00:00:00ZCaracterização morfológica, ultraestrutural e modelagem 3D de ovos embrionados de Trichuris murisLima, Ludmila Rochahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/207502024-02-26T22:54:38Z2019-05-03T00:00:00ZTítulo: Caracterização morfológica, ultraestrutural e modelagem 3D de ovos embrionados de Trichuris muris
Autor: Lima, Ludmila Rocha
Primeiro orientador: Torres, Eduardo José Lopes
Abstract: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis are neglected diseases developed by nematodes that depend on the soil for their complete development. According to WHO data (2018), it is estimated that in the world, 1.5 billion people are infected by soil-transmitted helminths. These are diseases associated with social and climatic characteristics, mainly affecting school-age children. Data from the last national prevalence inquiry of schistosomiasis and Soil-transmitted helminthiasis show a proportion of 5.41% positivity for trichuriasis in Brazil. Trichuriasis is a parasitosis that affects several mammals, having an impact on human and veterinary medicine. The species Trichuris muris is used as an experimental model for trichuriasis, the life cycle begins with the ingestion of embryonated eggs by the host. This egg presents three layers identified by light microscopy. The aim of this work is the ultrastructural characterization of the embryonated egg and the L1 larva of Trichuris muris fixed by high-pressure freezing followed by freeze-substitution and analyzed by electron microscopy. Chemically fixed samples were stained with calcein and DAPI for fluorescence microscopy, confocal and super-resolution microscopy resolution experiments. The results obtained by light microscopy (LM) showed the three layers forming the trilaminar egg shell (vitelline, chitin and lipid layers). The larva esophagus and germ cells concentrated in the posterior region of the larva was also observed. Based on fluorescence microscopy, the Calcein showed high affinity for the eggshell and of the polar plug, while DAPI allowed the characterization of the L1 larvae cells. Through the series of images obtained by confocal, we performed the reconstruction and modeling of the germ cells, which allowed to count 151 cells on average per larvae. Using TEM, it was possible to characterize the sublayers of the eggshell, showing that the vitelline layer is present as a thin outer layer, while the chitin layer is a dense structure. Lipid layer is the most internal and presents high electron density, linear for the entire length of the egg, with 14 sublayers. The plugs are present as a continuation of the chitin layer, with a distinct conformation, besides presenting more internally. It was concluded that the physical fixation and the use of the different microscopy techniques were important to characterize in detail the morphology and morphometry of the different layers of the eggshell, besides of the characterization of the structural and morphological details, and the germ cells in the L1 larva inside of the T. muris eggs.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2019-05-03T00:00:00ZA influência do crescimento em biofilme na susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa associadas a infecções pulmonares crônicas em pacientes com fibrose císticaFerreira, Alex Guerrahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/202562024-02-26T22:54:38Z2008-08-16T00:00:00ZTítulo: A influência do crescimento em biofilme na susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa associadas a infecções pulmonares crônicas em pacientes com fibrose cística
Autor: Ferreira, Alex Guerra
Primeiro orientador: Marques, Elizabeth de Andrade
Abstract: The chronic pulmonary infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with a gradual damage of the pulmonary tissue, resulting the respiratory bankruptcy and death in the majority of the patients. Antibiotic therapy has a important contribution, however the capacity of these microorganisms in persisting in the pulmonary environment after the treatment have been related with their ability biofilm of formation and the resistance to action of antimicrobials in this form of growth. In 40 gotten samples of P. aeruginosa of 20 CF patients with chronic infection: we analyze the capacity of formation of biofilm, compare the minimal inhibitory concentration of five antimicrobials in the two forms of growth, planctonic (MIC) and biofilm (BIC) and made the molecular typing by the PFGE technique. All the samples had revealed capable to form biofilm, being that 47.5% and 45% of them had disclosed moderate and weak capacity, respectively and it did not have significant difference between the morfotypes nonmucoid and mucoid. With it, we compare MICs and BICs verify significant increases for all the antimicrobials. All the samples had been susceptible to the aminoglycosides by the CIM, however in the BIC the resistance levels had been of 92,5%; 85% and 45% for tobramycin, gentamicin and amikacin, respectively. The molecular typing disclosed a great diversity between the samples (27 profiles), since 75% of the patients had revealed colonized for distinct strains. However, some patients had presented samples with the same profile. Correlating the clonal profiles found with the formation of biofilm and the values of the BIC, we verify that did not have association between the clonal profile and phenotypic behavior. Our results show the importance of standardization and implementation of tests in vitro that they can detect these peculiarities and that pulmonary infections for P. aeruginosa represent in trustworther way the true physiopatology them, reflecting of positive form in the medical behavior in front of the patients.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2008-08-16T00:00:00Z