TEDE Coleção:

Influência de dois diferentes programas de exercícios resistidos sobre o equilíbrio, função muscular e morfológica/arquitetônica, autonomia funcional e biomarcadores plasmáticos do balanço redox em idosos

2026-08-17T22:56:48Z

Título: Influência de dois diferentes programas de exercícios resistidos sobre o equilíbrio, função muscular e morfológica/arquitetônica, autonomia funcional e biomarcadores plasmáticos do balanço redox em idosos Autor: Cordeiro, Lilliany de Souza Primeiro orientador: Vale, Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Abstract: Muscle aging is related to a sharp decrease in muscle mass and physical function. Resistance training (RT) is a modality of physical exercise aimed at improving force production capacity and increasing muscle mass through modifications of muscle architecture components, such as pennation angle (PA) and muscle thickness (MT). Oxidative stress increases with aging and is associated with disuse and loss of muscle fibers linked to sarcopenia, contributing to the incidence of metabolic and degenerative neurological diseases. RT is one of the main agents to combat the deterioration of functional capacity observed with aging, however, the manipulation of its variables determines its benefits. Objective: To investigate the effects of two RT protocols on balance, muscle and morphological/architectural function, functional autonomy, and plasma biomarkers of redox balance in the elderly. Method: This document refers to research conducted through the application of distinct methodological actions. The first and second refer to two systematic reviews according to the PRISMA methodology to analyze the effects of RT on muscle architecture and endogenous antioxidants in the elderly, respectively. The third action was a randomized clinical trial with thirty-one RT-inexperienced elderly individuals who were randomly divided into two experimental groups (EG1; n = 11; EG2; n = 10) and a control group (CG; n = 10). For 16 weeks, the experimental groups practiced twice a week, in 60-minute sessions, with intensities adjusted for maximum strength training (EG1: >60% 1RM) or power (EG2: 30% to 60% 1RM). Results: Repeated measures ANOVA (3 x 2) showed an increase in muscle strength and power in EG1 and EG2 (p<0.05) in the intra-group comparison (post-intervention) in handgrip dynamometry and 1RM tests for Horizontal Leg Press and Bench Press, MT and PA of the vastus lateralis muscle, improvement in functional autonomy (autonomy index – AI), balance, and redox status biomarkers. In the inter-group evaluation, only EG2 showed a significant difference in the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test compared to CG, and only EG1 revealed significant variations in PA and MT in the vastus lateralis. EG1 and EG2 exhibited better results (p<0.05) compared to the CG in the variables of muscle strength and power in Leg press and bench press exercises, functional autonomy, balance, and redox homeostasis biomarkers. Conclusion: The results found in this experimental study support the efficacy of RT practice (strength and power) on muscle architecture, strength, balance, functional autonomy, and redox status biomarkers in the elderly Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese

Como meninos e meninas percebem os diferentes modos de deslocamento para a escola e quais os fatores determinantes da caminhada?

2026-08-17T20:30:33Z

Título: Como meninos e meninas percebem os diferentes modos de deslocamento para a escola e quais os fatores determinantes da caminhada? Autor: Fontes, Iberico Alves Primeiro orientador: Oliveira, Ricardo Brandão de Abstract: Active commuting to school is an effective strategy for integrating physical activity into the daily routine of children and adolescents, with benefits to both health and the environment. The literature on this topic is concentrated in high-income countries, which limits analyses focused on students living in contexts of greater social vulnerability. The general objective was to assess the determinants, perceptions, and aspirations of socially vulnerable students of both sexes regarding their modes of commuting to school. The MOTIVE project analyzed data from 3,445 students enrolled in municipal schools in Volta Redonda, RJ, using structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and geoprocessing. The thesis comprised three original studies. The first compared the perceptions of 2,132 adolescents regarding social support, motivations, barriers, and aspirations toward motorization, stratified by commuting mode. Home-to-school distance emerged as a barrier that overrides individual motivations, with significant disparities by race/skin color and maternal education (P < 0.001). Pedestrians reported greater social support from peers and guardians, as well as higher confidence and behavioral intention (P < 0.001), and lower perception of obstacles related to time, planning, and carrying materials. Users of motorized modes reported higher traffic density and hazardous crossings than pedestrians (P < 0.001). Fatigue and disinterest in walking predominated among these users (P < 0.001). The second study compared the determinants of walking among 2,649 students (50.5% girls), stratified by sex. Age was a positive predictor per year of life (boys: OR = 1.23, P = 0.04; girls: OR = 1.35, P < 0.001). In the adjusted model, distance and behavioral intention were common predictors. Parental support increased the odds of active commuting 13-fold for girls (OR = 13.03; P < 0.001) and roughly 3-fold for boys (OR = 2.84; P = 0.04). Among boys, excessive commuting time (OR = 0.22; P = 0.01) and parental insecurity regarding the route (OR = 0.09; P < 0.001) reduced the odds of walking; among girls, the availability of school lockers increased them 8-fold (OR = 8.12; P < 0.001). The third study analyzed the association between psychosocial determinants and the intention and choice of commuting mode among 617 adolescents, stratified into three groups: white boys with higher-educated mothers (MBA); Black and mixed-race girls with higher-educated mothers (FPA); and Black and mixed-race girls with lower-educated mothers (FPB). Positive self-rated health was higher in MBA (51.2%) than in FPA (34.6%) and FPB (30.7%; P < 0.001). The FPB group perceived lower peer support for walking (P = 0.05). Fatigue, the physical load of school materials, insufficient urban infrastructure, and route insecurity predominated as barriers among the female groups (P ≤ 0.05). It is concluded that active mobility is mediated by socio-territorial and gender inequities, configuring a "mobility out of necessity" among vulnerable strata, in which social support is insufficient to mitigate structural and physiological barriers. It is therefore a heterogeneous phenomenon, stratified by structural socioeconomic disparities Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese

Fatores de progressão, seleção e performance de jogadoras de futebol feminino

2026-08-13T19:53:09Z

Título: Fatores de progressão, seleção e performance de jogadoras de futebol feminino Autor: Pantaleão, Diogo Primeiro orientador: Nunes, Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Abstract: This doctoral thesis investigates determinants of progression, selection, and performance in women’s football players through three studies articulated within the Scandinavian model. The study aims to identify predictors that influence competitive advancement and the performance of high-level athletes, considering physical, technical, perceptual-cognitive, and contextual components. The first article consists of a systematic review that seeks to identify the main physical, technical, perceptual-cognitive, and contextual predictors associated with the progression and selection of women’s football players in elite contexts. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251159086) and follows PRISMA recommendations. The results indicate performance in the Yo-Yo IR1, short sprints (10–30 m), agility, ball control, shooting, and perceptual-cognitive skills (attention and response inhibition) as key predictors. Contextual variables, such as birth quartile and region of origin, also influence the likelihood of progression. The findings reinforce that multifactorial models present greater accuracy in talent identification and that longitudinal approaches may enhance athlete selection and development processes. The second article compares physical variables and identifies the frequency of relative age among women’s football players by playing position in the U-20 (n=19) and professional (n=22) categories. The study applies 20 m sprint tests (including 10 m acceleration), Yo-Yo IR1, and anthropometric measurements. The results show no significant differences in height, body mass, and BMI between categories and indicate similarity in physical profiles. The 10 m acceleration shows a difference only among defenders (p=0.047), favoring the U-20 group, while in the Yo-Yo IR1, professional forwards demonstrate higher performance (p=0.038). The study does not identify a significant relative age effect (p=0.257). These findings suggest that the transition to high performance occurs with relative similarity in physical capacities. The third article analyzes the relationships between physical capacities and performance parameters in official matches of a professional team (n=21). The study assesses Yo-Yo IR1, CMJ, and 20 m sprint, correlating them with match metrics such as total distance covered, high-speed actions, accelerations, decelerations, and explosive efforts. One-way ANOVA identifies a positional effect in Yo-Yo IR1 performance (p=0.017). Defenders show correlations between Yo-Yo IR1 and high-intensity variables; midfielders demonstrate associations between 20 m sprint and accelerations ≥2 m/s²; and among forwards, age correlates with sprint performance. The results indicate that intermittent endurance and speed emerge as key determinants of performance in decisive match actions, reinforcing the relevance of integrating physical assessments with competitive analysis. Overall, the three studies demonstrate that progression in high-performance women’s football results from the interaction between physical capacities, technical skills, perceptual-cognitive factors, and contextual variables, with emphasis on the structuring role of physical capacities in competitive differentiation Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese

Poder e colonialidade no balé clássico no século XXI: entre caminhos, percepções e sentidos

2026-07-27T22:13:31Z

Título: Poder e colonialidade no balé clássico no século XXI: entre caminhos, percepções e sentidos Autor: Almeida, Heloisa Suzano de Primeiro orientador: Assis, Monique Ribeiro de Abstract: Classical ballet is a form of dance that originated in Europe during the early Modern Age, when it was practiced by the aristocracy. In Brazil, its introduction took place in the nineteenth century following the arrival of the Portuguese royal court in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Throughout the twentieth century, ballet became institutionalized in the country through the creation of the first state dance school and, subsequently, the first Brazilian dance company, both established in Rio de Janeiro. This thesis is structured into an introduction, a theoretical framework, three studies, and a conclusion. The introduction presents the research topic, objectives, and methods. The theoretical framework discusses the history of ballet and the authors who provide the theoretical foundation for the studies. The first study consists of a scoping review in which articles on classical ballet related to health and physical performance published in the twenty-first century were categorized. The findings were interpreted considering Michel Foucault’s technologies of power. The second study describes the development of a multiple-item scale designed for use in the subsequent field research. The third study presents research conducted with 117 classical ballet teachers from the city of Rio de Janeiro through a structured questionnaire, complemented by six interviews. The data were analyzed quantitatively using the previously developed scale and qualitatively through the lens of Aníbal Quijano’s Theory of the Coloniality of Power, based on Eni Orlandi’s discourse analysis method. In conclusion, the studies point to a scenario in which the field of classical ballet in the twenty-first century cannot be understood in a linear manner, revealing transformations that reconfigure its power relations without fully breaking with its historical legacies Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese