TEDE Coleção:http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/36932024-03-28T11:17:52Z2024-03-28T11:17:52ZO paraíso do gado: a dinâmica geoeconômica do Município de São Félix do Xingu na atualidadeCardoso, Núbia Vieirahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/214812024-03-11T20:19:15Z2023-10-27T00:00:00ZTítulo: O paraíso do gado: a dinâmica geoeconômica do Município de São Félix do Xingu na atualidade
Autor: Cardoso, Núbia Vieira
Primeiro orientador: Machado, Mônica Sampaio
Abstract: In 2019, a record increase in deforestation was recorded in relation to previous years in the Legal Amazon. The municipality of São Felix do Xingu, located in Southeast Pará, stands out in this context, with two protected areas with the highest rates of deforestation. São Félix do Xingu, located in the Eastern Amazon, is among the six largest municipalities in the country. Of the total territorial extension of 84,000 km², 50% of it is made up of indigenous lands which, together with the conservation units, make up more than 70% of its entire territorial extension. Located in the Middle Xingu Basin, the municipal seat is reached by land via a single state road, even though the municipality is home to the largest cattle herd in Brazil, 2.5 million head. If, on the one hand, most of the territorial extension is constituted by areas dedicated to the conservation of nature, of indigenous usufruct and owned by the Union, on the other hand, the cattle herd demands new pastures, which makes the municipality an economic frontier, and territorial in permanent update. Among the allegories associated with São Félix do Xingu, one of them is the capital of deforestation. Seeking to present and discuss the current geoeconomic dynamics of the municipality of SFX, this research was developed in two large parts and in two moments. The first, “the outward journey”, where the theoretical and historical foundation is elaborated, starting from the regional framework where the municipality is inserted. The second, the journey back from the “concrete”, through the relationship between public data and field research data, carried out in June 2022 in São Félix do Xingu, leads to the third moment: the synthesis. The relationship between land use and appropriation with the restructuring of livestock production was identified. If in the first decade of the 2000s production was concentrated on farms, today production is decentralized, both in the distribution of the production chain and in its territorial distribution up to the scale of trade and export. Contrary to the image of an exotic “deep Brazil”, the geoeconomic study of São Félix do Xingu today led to its mirroring with Brazil. Its role in a central business network in the contemporary Brazilian economy demonstrates that, instead of being the exception, the Municipality should be the rule.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-10-27T00:00:00ZPor trás da beleza das flores: análise da sustentabilidade na produção e roteirização turística das flores em Lumiar e São Pedro da Serra/Nova Friburgo-RJGonzalez, Denise de Almeidahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/210972024-03-11T19:49:35Z2023-11-23T00:00:00ZTítulo: Por trás da beleza das flores: análise da sustentabilidade na produção e roteirização turística das flores em Lumiar e São Pedro da Serra/Nova Friburgo-RJ
Autor: Gonzalez, Denise de Almeida
Primeiro orientador: Costa, Alexander Josef Sá Tobias da
Abstract: The districts of Lumiar and São Pedro da Serra in the municipality of Nova Friburgo-RJ, have stood out in tourism since the 1970s, favored by the scenic beauty inserted and surrounded by the APA Macaé de Cima. Since 2003, in the village of Vargem Alta, there has been flower production, which has recently been promoting the flower tourist route. The general objective of this research is to address the origin and expansion of the production and tourist itinerary of flowers in the aforementioned districts, analyzing the issue of sustainability. In specific objectives we have the analysis of environmental impacts on water quality in some water samples, on organic compounds in atmospheric particulate matter (air) and on flowers in relation to the use of pesticides as well as comparison with other places in Brazil and the world in this regard. sustainability. As a methodology we have documentary, bibliographical research and exploratory research on landscape, sustainability, tourism, water resources and environmental impacts. Environmental sustainability is assessed in relation to the use of pesticides in some areas of rivers, streams, wells, springs, flowers and air quality located in or close to flower production. The SWOT analysis was developed for the production and tourist itinerary of flowers with data collection in Nova Friburgo and Holambra-SP. In Nova Friburgo, interviews were carried out with residents, producers, political managers and those in the tourist network, as well as field work on flower production. In the aforementioned districts, samples of water, flowers and atmospheric particulate matter were also collected and then sent for analysis in laboratories. In Holambra-SP, fieldwork was carried out in flower greenhouses and interviews with public-private managers were carried out. In the results of the water sample analyses, we found few pesticides with limits higher than the quantification limit allowed by ANVISA. In the first water samples (2018), only the compound Methyl Parathion and Tokuthion were detected and quantified, presenting values slightly higher than the Limit of Quantification (LQ), as well as the bacteria Escherichia Coli in some samples. More specific analyzes for pesticides in other water samples were carried out (2021 and 2022) at the Pesticide Residue Analysis laboratory (LARP/UFSM), finding the compound Imidacloprid and 2.4 D with values higher than permitted in addition to Carbendazim and others pesticides whose values were within the limit of quantification. In the flower samples, a concentration of Imidacloprid was found with values 3 to 5 times higher than those allowed by ANVISA for pasture areas. In research on the quality of organic compounds in atmospheric particulate matter with samples at two flower production points (September 2022) at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), at the Technological Development Support Laboratory (Ladetec), some pesticide ions were detected. It is concluded that water and air spread more for the detection of pesticides, which are acquired in greater quantities in the direct analysis of flower samples. The study area has economic sustainability in flower production and tourism, however it is necessary to include other sustainability criteria.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-11-23T00:00:00ZUma análise do papel do Estado no processo de expansão do agronegócio no Cerrado brasileiro e suas consequências socioambientais: um estudo de caso na Bacia Hidrográfica do Araguaia, trecho da Ilha do Bananal – TOGuimarães, Guilherme Preatohttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/209002024-01-09T18:30:57Z2023-11-14T00:00:00ZTítulo: Uma análise do papel do Estado no processo de expansão do agronegócio no Cerrado brasileiro e suas consequências socioambientais: um estudo de caso na Bacia Hidrográfica do Araguaia, trecho da Ilha do Bananal – TO
Autor: Guimarães, Guilherme Preato
Primeiro orientador: Costa, Alexander Josef Sá Tobias da
Abstract: The present research aims to analyze the role of the State in the territorial expansion process of the main capitalist productive activities in the Brazilian Cerrado and their socio-environmental consequences since the 1980s, focusing on the Araguaia River Basin in the stretch of Ilha do Bananal as the study area, with the key reading being accumulation by dispossession. The Marxist dialectical approach is used as the methodological approach, allowing the evaluation of the historical-material dimension of social organization, understanding that matter is dialectically related to the psychological and the social mediated by the historical process. Thus, a quantitative-qualitative perspective is assumed, and the following methodological procedures are used: a) literature review, through which the aim is to understand the investigated reality from the theory and to delimit the main concepts of the research, including territory, dispossession, neo-extractivism, and looting; b) fieldwork along Ilha do Bananal, which enables understanding the reality through direct contact with the object of study to verify, reinterpret, and reformulate the theory; c) semi-structured interviews/questionnaires with popular leaders and local public sector agents, which will enable the analysis of how these individuals perceive the various realities that constitute the territories in which they operate; d) finally, an analysis of all the material and data produced will be conducted to appreciate the proposed hypothesis. As partial results, it was observed that the State favors hegemonic agents of capital both through direct action and inaction, affecting the existence of traditional peoples who (re)exist in the Cerrado, whether in the material aspect by having their lands invaded and degraded, or in the immaterial aspect by establishing cultural bonds that challenge their ancestral identities. Far from exhausting the theme, it is hoped that this thesis can contribute, even if in an introductory manner, to the understanding that the State and capital are not antagonistic but complementary, and that popular resistance against capital necessarily means resistance against the State itself.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-11-14T00:00:00ZInserção da agricultura familiar na reconceituação do território - a produção de cafés especiais na região cafeeira de Pérez Zeledón, Costa RicaArias, Lilliam Quiróshttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/208732024-01-04T13:40:02Z2023-11-21T00:00:00ZTítulo: Inserção da agricultura familiar na reconceituação do território - a produção de cafés especiais na região cafeeira de Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica
Autor: Arias, Lilliam Quirós
Primeiro orientador: Marafón, Glaucio José
Abstract: La historia económica, social y cultural de Costa Rica está relacionada con la dinámica territorial del café. Producto agrícola, que está expuesto a condiciones agroclimáticas adversas, plagas – enfermedades; y una dinámica territorial marcada por fuertes presiones ante el avance de otras actividades productivas y usos alternativos del suelo. Afectado por la fluctuación en los precios del mercado internacional, comercializado en su mayoría como un “commoditie”. En los últimos años, se registra una fuerte disminución en el número de productores de café; los cuales para continuar en la actividad deben competir por la calidad de su producto; pasando de la actividad agrícola tradicional -café- a producir cafés especiales orientado a un mercado alternativo, proceso que evidencia una creciente incorporación de productores familiares. Como objetivo se plantea analizar las estrategias de inserción de la agricultura familiar en la producción de los cafés especiales en la región cafetalera Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica, en el período 2000 al 2022, para comprender las transformaciones territoriales que permitan definir lineamientos para la revalorización del territorio. La metodología empleada contempla un abordaje cuantitativo de manera exploratoria, para adentrarse técnicas de recolección de información cualitativa, entrevista a productores familiares, a informantes claves, recorrido de campo y generación de cartografía interpretativa del proceso. Desde la Geografía humanista, se dimensiona el conocimiento e importancia que las familias asignan a sus territorios, que genera sentidos espaciales, el territorio como espacio de apropiación, reproducción y de vida. Mediante la investigación se identificó la implementación de estrategias de inserción por parte de la agricultura familiar en la producción-cultivo que conlleva la incorporación de prácticas agronómicas guiadas por parámetros de sostenibilidad, en el proceso-beneficiamiento orientadas hacia mejoras tecnológicas para lograr procesos artesanales y la incorporación de prácticas comerciales orientadas a mercados alternativos. Se concluye que estas estrategias se plantean como mecanismos de resistencia ante los patrones estandarizados y que aportan un nuevo sentido al territorio y colocan la producción de cafés especiales como un proyecto individual, colectivo, con proyección, multiescalar. Contribuyendo a generar alternativas de desarrollo para la agricultura familiar en el contexto de la nueva ruralidad, como opciones para mejorar la calidad de vida y fortalecer el sentido de identidad territorial.; The economic, social, and cultural history of Costa Rica is related to the territorial dynamics of coffee. Agricultural product, which is exposed to adverse agroclimatic conditions, pests - diseases; and a territorial dynamic marked by strong pressures due to the advance of other productive activities and alternative land uses. Affected by fluctuations in international market prices, traded mostly as a "commodity". In recent years, there has been a sharp decline in the number of coffee producers; which to continue in the activity must compete for the quality of their product; moving from the traditional agricultural activity -coffee- to producing special coffees oriented to an alternative market, a process that shows a growing incorporation of family producers. The objective is to analyze the insertion strategies of family farming in the production of specialty coffees in the Pérez Zeledón coffee region, Costa Rica, in the period 2000 to 2022, to understand the territorial transformations that allow defining guidelines for the revaluation of the territory. The methodology used contemplates a quantitative approach in an exploratory way, to delve into qualitative information collection techniques, interviews with family producers, key informants, field tours and generation of interpretive cartography of the process. From the Humanist Geography, the knowledge and importance that families assign to their territories is dimensioned, which generates spatial meanings, the territory as a space of appropriation, reproduction, and life. Through the investigation, the implementation of insertion strategies by family farming in production-cultivation was identified, which entails the incorporation of agronomic practices guided by sustainability parameters, in the process-benefit practices oriented towards technological improvements to achieve artisan processes and the incorporation of commercial practices oriented to alternative markets. It is concluded that these strategies are proposed as mechanisms of resistance against standardized patterns and that they provide a new meaning to the territory and place the production of special coffees as an individual, collective project, with projection, multiscale. Contributing to generate development alternatives for family farming in the context of the new rurality, as options to improve the quality of life and strengthen the sense of territorial identity.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-11-21T00:00:00Z