TEDE Coleção:http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/37052024-03-28T23:05:20Z2024-03-28T23:05:20ZA assimetria da onda de maré na Baía de Guanabara - RJViana, Camila Caroline Guedeshttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/214762024-02-27T22:07:36Z2017-08-31T00:00:00ZTítulo: A assimetria da onda de maré na Baía de Guanabara - RJ
Autor: Viana, Camila Caroline Guedes
Primeiro orientador: Fernandes, Alexandre Macedo
Abstract: The Guanabara Bay, located in Rio de Janeiro, is considered the most prominent coastal bay in the country. Measurements by tidal gauges allowed to characterize it as a flood dominant estuary, which concerns the asymmetric character of the tidal wave. A finite volume hydrodynamic model (MOHID) was used to verify and characterize the asymmetric tidal field in all grid points and to evaluate the importance of nonlinear mechanisms, nonlinear terms of the continuity equation, horizontal advection and vertical diffusion. The model, forced with tide, reproduced the observed tidal elevations and currents successfully. For all analyzed constituents from both, data and the numerical experiments, it was observed that, at the entrance of the BG, the phase lines reach first the eastern margin, being the M4 constituent the main harmonic of shallow water indicator of this asymmetry. The tidal wave propagates with preferential orientation of the navigation channel, whose larger amplitudes are observed in the eastern portion of the BG for all semidiurnal, diurnal and M4 constituents. The asymmetry degree increases inside the BG varying from approximately 0.1 to 0.3 as observed through the data and, satisfactorily, reproduced in the numerical simulation (control experiment). The asymmetry is verified of spring and neap tides conditions in both margins, but when spring tides occur, the difference between the flood and ebb times is greater. The results indicate, therefore, the dominance of the nonlinear terms of the continuity, at the entrance station, and the vertical friction, in the other stations.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2017-08-31T00:00:00ZFatores naturais e antrópciso que colaboram para a paisagem acústica submarina da APA de Guapi-Mirim, Baía de Guanabara (RJ)Santos, Mariana de Fariahttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/209602024-01-19T18:49:19Z2023-09-26T00:00:00ZTítulo: Fatores naturais e antrópciso que colaboram para a paisagem acústica submarina da APA de Guapi-Mirim, Baía de Guanabara (RJ)
Autor: Santos, Mariana de Faria
Primeiro orientador: Azevedo, Alexandre de Freitas
Abstract: Passive Acoustic Monitoring has presented remarkable progress, as it allows us to collect data passively and continuously, to understand the activities that occur in the aquatic environment and, consequently, the soundscape of a certain region. The soundscape represents a unique and particular characteristic of the different sounds present in a given environment, whether of natural or artificial origin, providing us with details about the habitat, on how animals use sounds to survive and on how anthropogenic activities harm the environment and its resident organisms. The present study carried out recordings at two points in Guanabara Bay: at Bouy 5 (near the Guapi-mirim MPA) and in Machado’s Rock. The acoustic data were recorded continuously, recording periods of 24 hours at both points, having, in a total of 10 days of collection, 240 hours of recording in Bouy 5 and 120 hours in Machado’s Rock. First, the data were submitted to TOL (Third Octave Levels) analyses to calculate sound pressure values for each frequency band in one third of an octave, where the frequency bands selected for analysis were: 63 Hz, 125 Hz, 1 kHz and 10 kHz. The highest mean sound pressure values in Bouy 5 was 89.9 ± 2.9 dB re 1 μPa in the frequency band of 63 Hz, recorded on 25/04/2022 and in Machado’s Rock it was 94.2 ± 4.7 dB re 1 μPa in the frequency of 1 kHz, during the day of 23/02/2022. The results showed that the soundscape of Bouy 5 was dominated by sounds of fish and crustaceans, occupying frequencies from 70 Hz to 2 kHz and from 3 kHz to 20 kHz, respectively, where higher sound pressure values were found during the night. In Machado’s Rock, anthropic noises at frequencies between 3 kHz and 40 kHz were very dominant and sound pressure values were higher during the day. The present study aims to fill the gaps in the acoustic knowledge not only of the Guapi-mirim MPA, but also of Guanabara Bay, with results of sound pressure values during the night period. The implementation of continuous acoustic monitoring during light and dark hours is extremely important, especially in coastal regions and marine protected areas, as it allows us to have a complete view of the soundcape of the area and define mitigating actions, putting into practice more effective management plans to minimize recurrent noise pollution in these regions.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-09-26T00:00:00ZArquitetura Sedimentar e Evolução Deposicional da Baía de Sepetiba (RJ) durante o Pleistoceno Superior-Holoceno (últimos ~130 ka)Santos, Guilherme Amendola doshttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/206702023-11-22T19:38:50Z2019-08-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Arquitetura Sedimentar e Evolução Deposicional da Baía de Sepetiba (RJ) durante o Pleistoceno Superior-Holoceno (últimos ~130 ka)
Autor: Santos, Guilherme Amendola dos
Primeiro orientador: Reis, Antonio Tadeu dos
Abstract: The Sepetiba Bay, located on the western portion of Rio de Janeiro State coastal area, consists of an embayment where estuarine conditions prevail, because of limited contact with the open ocean due to the existence of Restinga da Marambaia - an extensive barrier island of some 40 km extent. The present study aims at investigating the sedimentary and stratigrahic evolution of Sepetiba bay’s infilling units, based on seismic units seismofacies anlyses of circa 800 km of high-resolution reflection seismic profiles (100 J boomer seismic source). Resultos of sesimic analyses were coupled with recently-dated sedimentary and paleogeographic evolutional stages of the Marambaia barrier island, as well as with previous studies carried out across the Rio de Janeiro continental shelf. Integration of all seismic analysess results with those from previous works in the area reveal compelling stratigraphic and paleogeographic informations about the estuarine system developed in the Sepetiba bay are during the latest Pleistocene-Holocene transgression that drowned the area (last ~20 ky), such as: (i) the existence of a rather developed paleo-fluvial network formed by four main fluvial channels (channels C1 to C4) sculptered during the widespead erosion that occurred between MIS5e-MIS2. This paleo fluvial system crosses the area of the present-day Marambaia barrier island, and is correlated with the downstream paleo fluvial system preserved on the adjacent shelf. This burried paleo fluvial system also lays in direct space connection with the upstream present-day catchment basin of Sepetiba bay; (ii) the existence of a transgressive-highstand sedimentary sucession, up to 30 m thick, composed of units U2 to U5. This succession testifies the onset of estuarine conditions in the Sepetiba area, which evolved from an open ocean estuarine system (depostion of unit U2) to progressively more isolated estuarine conditions (deposition of units U3 and U4 between ~8,0-7,5 ky B.P.) until attaining the configuration of a low energy estuarine environment no longer in connection with the open sea (deposition of Unit U5 since ~ 5,8 ky B.P.), similar to the present-day depositional system within the bay. All these distinct enviromental and paleogeopraphic evolutional stages are directely connected to the constructional and closure phases of the Marambaia barrier island itself.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2019-08-30T00:00:00ZMetodologia não destrutiva na extração de gametas de Arbacia lixula Linnaeus, 1758 (Echinoidea: Arbaciidae) para a utilização de embriões em bioensaiosAlcantara, Alessandra Araujo dehttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/206352023-11-13T17:56:21Z2023-08-23T00:00:00ZTítulo: Metodologia não destrutiva na extração de gametas de Arbacia lixula Linnaeus, 1758 (Echinoidea: Arbaciidae) para a utilização de embriões em bioensaios
Autor: Alcantara, Alessandra Araujo de
Primeiro orientador: Fernandez, Marcos Antônio dos Santos
Abstract: Sea urchin embryos act as tools for detecting the effects of chemical pollutants, mainly in water, and the ABNT NBR 15350 standards recommend returning organisms to the sea after obtaining gametes, making it important to obtain procedures of induction and extraction of gametes from adult sea urchins that reduce the mortality rate, or that are completely non-destructive. Observing, therefore, it was necessary to obtain less invasive methods, or that are totally non-destructive, reducing the mortality rates of the animals. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to develop a non-destructive methodology for gamete extraction using the unconventional species Arbacia lixula, in addition to validating the technique of in vitro reproduction and development up to the pluteus phase, and with this, to contribute to the improvement of standards and the legislation regarding bioassays with sea urchins (ABNT Norms, IBAMA Deliberation). 386 sea urchins were collected from two beaches in Rio de Janeiro, the analyzes were performed through chemical induction for the emission of gametes with injection of 150 μL of 0.5 M KCl solution in the gonads of the animals. After fertilization of the animals, the cells were observed by optical microscope for analysis of the stages of embryonic development. For 15 months, between February 2022 and April 2023, monthly trials of the non-destructive method for A. lixula were carried out, using a minimum of 20 animals, respecting the period of the first fortnight of each month. 386 sea urchins received the optimized chemical method. Of this amount, only two animals did not survive after the tests, while 384 of the total specimens tested remained healthy and returned to their natural habitat after the tests. The animals used in the experiment spawned between the months of February 2022 and September of the same year, however, the experiment with fertilization was only carried out from March 2022 onwards. The highest number of ovate animals was observed the month of June, the percentage of development to pluteus reached only 30% after incubation, with 3% of prism (pre-pluteus embryonic stage), 40% for fertilized eggs, and a percentage of 27% in eggs that are not fertilized. While for the month of July, the percentage of pluteus development reached the value of 80%, considering this the minimum value for use in ecotoxicological tests and the highest value reached during the entire experiment. The percentage in prism stage was also observed in 12%, 4% for embryonic development, 3% for fertilized eggs and only 1% in non-fertilized eggs. The proposed non-destructive method applied to the A. lixula is effective in terms of the preservation of the animals, being returned healthy to the natural habitat after the tests, with atypical spawning for the period, compared to previous studies, A. lixula proved to be unfeasible for this reproduction study, therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the reproductive periodicity of the species with a longer duration of time than those carried out in this work.
Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-08-23T00:00:00Z