http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/3593 2026-04-17T02:57:10Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/25552 Título: Cartografias do feminismo contemporâneo à luz da tríade anti-universalista de Foucault, Butler e Preciado Autor: Mourão, Marcelo Martins Primeiro orientador: Britto, Fabiano de Lemos Abstract: The present work aims to go through the conceptual panorama of Michel Foucault, Judith Butler and Paul Preciado, and their interpretations about the formation of identity/subjectivity, to understand how it is possible to interpret the feminist movements from perspectives that disregard any character of universalism of the sign . Although the so-called feminist movements in Ondas do not seek to naturalize gender, and the most diverse facets can be found considering which “feminism” is being analyzed, we will, through the authors, understand how it is possible to be feminists, without considering gender as a foundation. of political discussion, using the contributions that the cited authors bring to feminist critical theory. To do so, we will reconstruct the displacements caused by her works in relation to the hegemonic positions that may emphasize an ontologizing essentialism of the feminine. In the case of Foucault, his critique of universals helps sustain new perspectives on the feminine identity paradigm in a non-ontological character. Butler, in turn, when writing Gender Problems, pointed to the limits of the sex/gender distinction operated in feminism, helping to reframe the political framework. Finally, with Preciado and his experimental philosophical conceptualization presented in Testo Junkie, we realize how gender is a biopolitical machine that can be modified according to the individual's discretion and self-identification. Therefore, although the authors depart from different contexts, influences and theoretical frameworks, we will emphasize how their conceptual tools help to reformulate and update models of diagnosis of signs in feminist theory. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2023-03-10T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/25459 Título: Forma(s) de vida e desacordos profundos na Epistemologia das Dobradiças Autor: Perenha, Vinicius da Silva Primeiro orientador: Jourdan, Camila Rodrigues Abstract: This dissertation aims to address the problem of deep disagreements, or more broadly, the possibility of communicational breakdown stemming from a grammatical conflict between radically distinct linguistic communities. The starting points are the perspective of a pluralistic reading that shifts the concept of ‘form(s) of life’ from the margins to the center of Philosophical Investigations and an anti-foundationalist approach to the writings that constitute On Certainty, especially those concerning the concept of ‘hinge certainty’ and the so-called hinge epistemology. The main objective is to understand the articulation of these two concepts within a proposal of continuity that allows to connect the grammatical plurality advocated in the Philosophical Investigations to the distinction between knowledge and certainty through the epistemology of On Certainty. To achieve this, we will examine exegetically and philosophically passages from the writings of Wittgenstein and some interpretations related to these and other analogous issues under three main axes: (1) the concept of ‘form(s) of life’ from the perspective of the nature-culture binomial, (2) the concept of ‘hinge certainties’ and the epistemology of On Certainty, and (3) the thesis of grammatical diversity and the problem of access to alternative grammars at the core of deep disagreements. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2022-02-10T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/25458 Título: A ética da geoengenharia do clima: uma investigação filosófica de justiça climática Autor: Menezes, Pedro Ribeiro Primeiro orientador: Araujo, Marcelo de Abstract: This research aims to examine the ethical issues raised by the technologies known as “geoengineering,” as well as their implications within the debate on climate justice. Climate change is regarded as a central problem of contemporary ethics and political philosophy, with particular attention to the normative challenges posed by climate geoengineering technologies. Starting from the diagnosis that global warming is driven primarily by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, this study argues that climate change cannot be adequately understood solely on the basis of scientific knowledge, but instead requires a broader ethical and political analysis. In the first chapter, climate change is characterized as an ethical and political-philosophical issue. Stephen Gardiner’s conception of climate change as a “perfect moral storm” is employed to highlight its global, intergenerational, and theoretical dimensions, as well as the inequalities in the distribution of its impacts. Drawing on authors such as Henry Shue, David Wallace-Wells, and Darrel Moellendorf, the study discusses the moral responsibility of the current generation and the need for climate policies that reconcile mitigation, adaptation, and social justice, particularly with regard to vulnerable populations. The second chapter analyzes the main geoengineering technologies, with a focus on solar radiation management (SRM), discussing their objectives, risks, and the principal arguments for and against their research and possible implementation. Finally, the third chapter examines proposals for the ethical governance of geoengineering, highlighting the Oxford Principles and the Tollgate Principles, as well as non-ideal approaches to justice, such as the one proposed by Toby Svoboda. The dissertation concludes that, although geoengineering is often presented as an emergency response to the failure of mitigation policies, it should be understood less as a desirable solution and more as a normatively problematic horizon, whose research and assessment must be critically guided by the principles of climate justice. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-02-25T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/25291 Título: Forma literária e processo social: um estudo sobre Os anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister, de Goethe Autor: Cavalcanti, Pedro Alves Primeiro orientador: Barbosa, Ricardo José Corrêa Abstract: The core of this work consists of a study on the relationship between literary form and social process in Goethe’s novel Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship (1795-1796). Georg Lukács, in his well-known analysis of the Meister, identifies in Goethe's irony what could be considered the formal principle of the novel. This dissertation is therefore interested in understanding this formal principle and the elements of the historical-social reference that it mobilizes. The dissertation is divided into three parts. In the first one, we pointed out what Lukács indicates to be – both in his chapter on the Theory of the Novel about the Meister, and in his essay about it from 1936 – Goethe's irony and what it (in)forms about German society. In the second part, we observed the way in which Meister oscillates between “the poetry of the heart” and the “opposing prose of relationships”. In the third part, Wilhelm Meister's trajectory was addressed, following a close look at the narrative movements, through its articulation with the interventions of the Tower Society. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2025-03-20T00:00:00Z