http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/3668 2026-09-06T20:52:42Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26104 Título: Patrimônio em 3D: recomendações de boas práticas para a digitalização 3D de instrumentos científicos históricos Autor: Patzlaff, Cassiane Primeiro orientador: Monat, André Soares Abstract: The 3D digitization of scientific cultural heritage artefacts has the potential to enhance the value of the original objects, highlighting their uniqueness and the history they embody. This context stems from the growing interest in these technologies and the increasing frequency of disasters and tragedies that affect cultural heritage, prompting museums and research institutions to digitize their collections. In this context, there are multiple methodological approaches and technological options, compounded by the fragmentation of knowledge across fields such as design, museology, computing, archaeology, and engineering, which makes it difficult to determine the most appropriate methods and techniques, particularly for reflective and translucent objects. Considering this gap, the following research question is formulated: is it possible to systematize a set of criteria and strategic actions to assist with the technical and technological choices involved in the 3D digitization process of historical scientific instruments (HSI) held in museums? The central objective of this thesis is to identify and analyze suitable techniques for the 3D digitization and digital dissemination of HSI forming part of the material heritage of science and technology and, based on these, to formulate guidelines for best practices to support decisions regarding 3D digitization in museum contexts. Methodologically, 3D photogrammetry and structured light technologies are considered and evaluated—both individually and in combination—in terms of their effectiveness for different types of artefacts, based on two phenomenological and descriptive case studies. These studies examine the 3D capture processes for the Oswaldo Cruz Microscope (part of the Museu da Vida Fiocruz collection) and the Pazos Telescope (Observatório do Valongo – UFRJ), discussing the challenges encountered, the solutions adopted, and the results obtained, as well as the possibility of extrapolating and adapting the procedures to other research projects, thereby contributing to the development of a critical body of knowledge on the subject. The main contribution of the thesis lies in the development of tools and recommendations structured within a workflow specifically adapted to this type of artefact, which guides the selection of methods and technologies for the 3D digitization of historical scientific instruments (HSI), thereby contributing to their digital preservation and accessibility. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese 2026-04-15T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26060 Título: Desenho universal para a aprendizagem como facilitador do ensino-aprendizagem de desenho técnico para estudantes surdos nos Institutos Federais Autor: Sacramento, Roberto Luiz do Primeiro orientador: Carvalho, Ricardo Artur Pereira Abstract: The thesis is based on the author's experience as a teacher of Technical Drawing at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias campus (IFRJ CDuC), and on the challenge of making the content of the subject accessible to deaf students. The thesis aims to analyze the suitability of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as a tool to facilitate the teaching and learning process. This objective is justified by its structure, principles, and practices aimed at eliminating accessibility barriers in the educational context. The methodological approach includes a literature review, interviews with Technical Drawing teachers, a focus group with students from the integrated secondary-level technical program, and an interview and case study involving a former deaf student. The research sought to gather information on the relevance of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), considering its alignment with inclusive and equitable education. The results demonstrated that UDL provides a favorable framework for addressing challenges associated with the teaching and learning process of Technical Drawing. It particularly benefits deaf students, as its principles and guidelines address the main barriers identified: dependence on mediation by a Libras interpreter, the need for flexibility in assessment strategies, and the importance of appropriate teaching resources, such as specific signs for technical terms. However, the study also indicates limitations that require adaptations for the implementation of UDL, as its application is affected by the "culture of surprise" (the absence of institutional communication regarding the student's enrollment), the lack of continuing education for teachers, and limited time available for planning, particularly between the teacher and the interpreter. It is concluded that UDL is indeed a facilitator; however, its implementation requires a comprehensive transformation that, beyond its principles and guidelines, involves the effective application of the institution's established inclusion policy, the enhancement of teacher training, and investment in the development of specific resources for Professional and Technological Education. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese 2026-05-28T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26020 Título: Cidade em desvio: uma etnografia das relações entre o design e as dissidências sexuais e de gênero no centro do Rio de Janeiro Autor: Aquino, Thales Leonard dos Santos Primeiro orientador: Altmayer, Carlos Guilherme Mace Abstract: This thesis deals with the relations between urban design in the city of Rio de Janeiro and aspects of LGBTQIA+ experiences. It is based on the understanding that the center of Rio has a referential linguistic multiplicity that not only supports/reserves/identifies codes and practices, but also acts upon the people who live/work/circulate within it. An ethnographic praxis is employed, bringing together textual notes and visual records to investigate how, through queer appropriations, urban furniture, collective bathrooms, and public space acquire new forms and meanings in their common functions, with the aim of producing understandings of the dynamics of use of these three designs by dissident sex-gender presences in the center. Based on a theoretical framework that understands design as language, this research operates from an inter- and transdisciplinary approach that, while fostering collaboration, brings together different areas of knowledge to think about design. Through social dialogues and participant observations involving prostitution pamphlets, latrine inscriptions, and traces of sexual encounters in the Centro, Lapa, and Glória neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro, between 2022 and 2025, it critically reflects on how design, used in practices of deviation, resignification, and even subversion, constitutes an important lexicon of permanence, denunciation, and reinvention of sexual and gender dissidences in this/of this region. The results indicate that people like us, gays, bisexuals, trans people, and transvestites, making use of the designs available in the urban environment for sexual purposes, ultimately activate alternative modes of social interaction, of struggles for citizenship and, through networking, also of transformation of Rio's own territory, historically (cishetero)normative, corporatist-elitist, and contradictory, shifting perceptions of our territorialities from the margins to the center. This study, embedded in the street and guided by ethics, argues that a deviant design constitutes, above all, an action affirming the rights of dissident sex-gender populations to the city. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese 2026-04-02T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/25736 Título: Presença de mulheres negras nos cursos de pós-graduação em design no Brasil Autor: Souza, Catarina Costa de Primeiro orientador: Anastassakis, Zoy Abstract: This thesis considers a context where Black women suffer the most from alarming rates of inequality in Brazil, they continue to advance socially in spaces that were previously completely denied to them and that remain predominantly white and male. This includes access to higher education, which, despite a notable change in the student profile since the implementation of Law 12.711/2012, known as the Quota Law, still constitutes spaces of oppression for black people. Thus, this research aims to investigate the experiences of Black women who have studied and are studying in postgraduate design programs in Brazil. Presenting accounts of their perceptions and issues related to the ease, difficulties, and perspectives of their time attending design courses at university, this thesis considers the forms of oppression through racism, sexism, and social position that Black women face in the country. Using qualitative research, through bibliographic review and narrative research, which allows investigation based on the accounts of people focusing on obtaining their life stories, interviews were conducted with women from various states in the country, presenting their trajectories in postgraduate design programs. Their testimonies bring to the discussion the issues of representation, racism, and structural challenges faced in their histories, from the perspective of the numerous difficulties in entering and remaining in educational institutions. It is possible to perceive that the inequalities faced by Black women cannot be reduced to a single dimension, and it is necessary to consider the complexity of the social relations that structure their life trajectories. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese 2026-05-18T00:00:00Z