http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/3519 Sun, 11 Oct 2026 04:57:57 GMT 2026-10-11T04:57:57Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26324 Título: Qualidade, justiça e inclusão em educação: aplicações de métodos econométricos e de programação matemática e análise de eficiência econômica nos municípios brasileiros Autor: Quintella Junior, Osvaldo Martins Primeiro orientador: Marinho, Alexandre Abstract: This research employs economic efficiency models, namely Stochastic Frontier Analy-sis (SFA) and two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), to investigate the relationship be-tween the quality of municipal management and the municipalities' relative efficiency in deliv-ering quality education, equity, and inclusion during the primary and middle school years. Brazil is a country marked by significant economic and social inequalities. In the educational sphere, the scenario is no different. That is, significant disparities exist when looking at education in Brazil. Despite the efforts of the Brazilian State to promote greater access to the educational system and improve its quality, many inequalities persist. Since colonial Brazil, access to education has been limited to a few. Over the years, there has been a dissemination of access, which led to the expansion of the population attending school. However, despite the progress in access, quality, inclusion, and equity in the educational system remained on the margins of public educational policies. Considering data from the public school system, the results of the Basic Education Development Index (Ideb), which is an indicator used to assess the quality of basic education in Brazil and the school flow rates, such as the approval rate and the dropout rate, provide an overview of the Brazilian educational scenario and reflect the lack of inclusion, equity, and quality in the educational system. Inclusion is understood as the idea that factors related to a student's physical, intellectual, emotional, or socioeconomic condition cannot be barriers to their permanence in the school environment. Equity is understood as the concept that factors beyond the student's control, such as socioeconomic characteristics, are not barriers to their learning. Thus, school flow rates reflect the lack of inclusion and equity in the educational system. This research hypothesizes that well-structured public management is associated with the adoption of educational planning and management mechanisms that improve municipalities' efficiency in promoting inclusion, equity, and quality in basic education, particularly in the early and final years of elementary school. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the efficiency of Brazilian municipalities in promoting inclusion, equity, and quality in elemen-tary education, considering the quality of institutions, measured by the Municipal Institutional Quality Index (IQIM), which is na indicator that measures the quality of municipal public in-stitutions in Brazil. To investigate the variables that correlate with education quality, the Eco-nomics of Education literature has used the educational production function to investigate the determinants of student academic performance. (HANUSHEK, 1979; GLEWWE; MURALI-DHARAN, 2016) Furthermore, the literature points to institutional factors as potential determi-nants of academic performance. (FIGLIO; LOEB, 2011; HANUSHEK; WOESSMANN, 2011; PODGURSKY, 2011; VELOSO, 2011) To fulfill these objectives, models for assessing eco-nomic efficiency are used, such as Stochastic Frontier Analysis and two-stage Data Envelop-ment Analysis. The obtained results do allow us to state that the IQIM is positively correlated with the relative efficiency of municipalities in promoting inclusion, equity, and quality in ele-mentary education as a whole. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26324 2026-01-16T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26319 Título: Interesse público e direitos fundamentais: o caso da suspensão de segurança Autor: Lopes, Raphaela de Araújo Lima Primeiro orientador: Pereira, Jane Reis Gonçalves Abstract: Being a procedural shortcut that the State can use in defense of the public interest, the stay of the mandamus often clashes with fundamental rights, without the possibility of discussing the merits of the issue. The stay of the mandamus has been present in the Brazilian legal system for eighty years, and despite its recurring impact on fundamental rights and its central focus on the concept of public interest, it has nevertheless received little attention from the field of Public Law. Therefore, this research aims to examine the legal foundations of the stay of the mandamus, analyzing its regulations, history, and requirements, as well as the debate in administrative law theory on the concept of public interest. The theoretical reflections can be seen with greater clarity through the exposition of a concrete case, namely the duplication of the Carajás Railway, between Pará and Maranhão. The main problems identified were the political nature of the instrument, as considered by the jurisprudence of the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) and the Supreme Federal Court (STF), and the interpretation of the harm to the public economy, due to the prioritization of public finances or the patrimonial interests of private actors. This work argues for the need to reinterpret the public interest in light of the Constitution, including the recognition of social and economic rights. Beyond reflections from the field of constitutional theory, we seek to engage with the thought of Hannah Arendt and her commentators on the distinction between the public and private domains, in order to bring some elements to build a constitutionally adequate concept of public interest. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Tese Fri, 28 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26319 2025-11-28T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26320 Título: A economia política da necropolítica no Brasil: racismo estrutural e guerra às drogas Autor: Nunes, Gabriel Rosa Primeiro orientador: Rodriguez, Rodrigo Siqueira Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the articulation between economics, structural racism, and necropolitics in Brazil, taking the “war on drugs” as its central axis. Based on a theoretical and interdisciplinary approach, it argues that the Brazilian economy does not constitute a neutral sphere, but rather operates as one of the pillars of structural racism, legitimizing social exclusion and the systematic production of death among Black populations. The study examines how economic dynamics and selective public policies combine to construct a model of social control that disproportionately affects peripheral urban territories. In this context, the militarization of these areas, justified by the fight against drug trafficking, is interpreted as a mechanism for managing life and death, primarily targeting poor Black youth. The “war on drugs” is thus understood as a device for producing internal enemies. The theoretical framework draws on contributions from Achille Mbembe, Silvio Almeida, and Jessé Souza, demonstrating that Brazilian capitalism reconfigures and deepens historically constituted racial hierarchies. The dissertation concludes that the “war on drugs” operates as one of the most perverse expressions of this dynamic, articulating economic interests, state practices, and racial ideologies in the production of violence and exclusion. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 11 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26320 2026-02-11T00:00:00Z http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26318 Título: Obstrução à justiça ou justiça à obstrução: uma análise do processo legislativo e da estrutura do tipo penal Autor: Ferreira, Mário Alexandre de Oliveira Primeiro orientador: Batista, Nilo Abstract: The thread of the present work lies in the concern arising from the successive attempts to criminalize conduct classified as “obstruction of justice”, once autonomously nonexistent in our legislation and, effectively, modernly, still unknown in our legal reality, especially with regard to the exercise of the legal defense in its both aspects: the self-defense and the technical defense, and the political activity, culminating in a spectacular scenario of criminal cases through the mass media and the social networks. Faced with a vague and imprecise legal text, we seek to analyze the criminal policy underlying the norm and, mainly, the legislative process that implied its issue. We also seek aspects related to the typicality, because of the the difficulties of filling the constant elements of the offense, potentially givers the atypicality of the conduct and vices of unconstitutionality, with emphasis on the disproportionate penalties abstractly comminated to the offense. In the scope of the research, there was almost complete absence of discussions regarding the respective offense and the prevalence of the decisive influence of the action of other penal agencies in comparison to deliberations among parliamentarians. In addition to the distortion of the UN Convention against Transnational Organized, that established the criminalization of the obstruction of justice, we could observe successive attempts to expand the scope of the application of the offense, which should be restricted to the pre-procedural investigation phase, but whose punitive power extends it to the procedural phase. Given the number of related conducts, the existence of the offense is unnecessary, since it creates numerous conflicts with a lot of other offenses, considered specials in comparison to the obstruction of justice. It is bibliographical research, with exploratory and theoretical matrices, whose primary objective was to investigate the incompatibilities between the art. 2º, §1º, with the Constitution. It is expected that, at the end of the reading of this research, the conclusion about the unconstitutionalities will be easily available. Instituição: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 17 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/26318 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z