Isabel na escola: desafios e perspectivas para a inclusão de uma criança com síndrome de down numa classe comum

Abstract

This thesis analyses a teacher´s view about the teaching-learning process of a child withDown Syndrome Child included in a regular class of Early Education. It was also object of investigation the search, with the referred teacher, of procedures favorable to the social, affective and cognitive development of the student. It was a qualitative research, combining an ethnographic type case study with action-research. As data collection procedures were utilized open and semi-structured interviews, participant observation and autoscopy. The data analysis was undertaken based on the content analysis method, as proposed by Bardin (1977).The data obtained, that meet results of other studies, showed the difficulties in implementation of public policies of inclusion in the context of the educational system in general, and specifically in the case of the school that was the focus of this research. The inclusion process becomes complex due to variable such as: lack of preparation of the teachers to deal with students with disabilities, lack of knowledge on the part of the teachers about flexibilization of strategies for the teaching learning process, school organization that does not take into account the diversity of the students. We saw that the presence of the student in the class did not guaranteed her participation in the activities and that her process of education was damaged due to the lack of knowledge of the teacher about development of subjects with intellectual disability and alternative pedagogical practices.With the action-research, we noticed positive changes in the girl´s social and affective development and that the teacher, even faced with her pedagogical limitations, contributed to these advances. The data revealed that the pedagogical knowledge the teacher demonstrated to have, from the activities proposed for the students, was focused on traditional study methods, with a view of Early Education turned to alphabetization readiness, showing an difficulty to develop the pedagogical work within a social-historical perspective.