Da palavra falada à palavra da escola: um estudo sobre as orientações didáticas à alfabetização na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The learning processes of written language are related to political, social, cultural and historical aspects that determine complex factors to consider when think on literacy of people from carioca education. The studies collected in this thesis are linked to the perspective of cultural-historical reasons and to understand aspects of learning written language, more specifically, the education of written culture in the processes of literacy. The aim of the study is to define the aspects that give a support to an applicable theory to literacy processes, formulating a theoretical concept that can produce knowledge to the learning process and teaching of students and teachers from public schools in Rio de Janeiro city. From an inclusive view, I observe and research the processes of appropriation of written language aspects, relating them to different individuals and cultures and the way individuals interpret the world that can define its forms and modes of cognition, as possibilities for news discoveries about the students and their insertion into the world of written culture. The knowledge, self-meaning and culture are the essence and are the center of representation of an individual's worlds and from the informations that receive from them and are the aim of this study. Studying and researching the processes of appropriation of written language, when related to mental representation that students have about this writing and the way that it is represented in their cultures, showed that individuals s thought about reality ,in which the live, is always an intelligent behavior, resulting from comparisons, analyzes and prints. Looking for written records of individuals in early stages of writing learning, even if diverging from conventional alphabetical order, these will reflect conceptions, values and concepts that can elaborate about what writing is and how is this representation into their own worlds. As more static, orderly and linear are the way of thinking and organizing experiences, more sharpened will be the individual on his alphabetic writing, given that the prospective of repose and stability aligned to these individuals, in addition to answering the form of construction of their realities, enable the construction of alphabetic writing, as it operates with logical compatible and adjustable to each other. On the other hand, the more dynamic and simultaneous is the way of thinking and organizing experiences, more far from alphabetic writing will be the individual, for the inverse proportion to the reasons presented. To admit that writing is related to the place that it occupies on societies and social groups, involved to recognize that these places and individuals are not the same, so the ways of constitution and representation of writing are differentiated and heterogeneous