Mapeamento digital do uso da terra da cobertura vegetal no Parque Estadual da Serra da Tiririca (PESET) a partir de imagens orbitais de alta resolução.

Abstract

In Brazil, among the protected areas and regulated by law are called the Conservation Units (UC) and are defined as having characteristics for environmental, aesthetic, historical or cultural issues that are important in maintaining natural cycles, requiring special arrangements for the preservation, conservation and rational exploitation of its resources. The State Park of Serra of Tiririca (PESET), created by Law 1901 of November 29, 1991 located between the cities of Niterói and Maricá in the State of Rio de Janeiro, falls under the category of full protection conservation harboring an extensive Atlantic range at their limits. For the present study was made a classification of land use and land cover, refined by research done by the field work, which contributed to the drafting of the proposed environmental zoning for the park. The digital image processing was done using the SPRING software developed by the Institute for Space Research (INPE). The construction of thematic maps was made with the support system developed by ESRI Arcgis. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for environmental modeling. At this stage were considered in an integrated taxonomic variability, the term territorial and temporal changes in a verifiable geo-referenced database. GIS technology integrates conventional operations database, for storage, manipulation, analysis, consultation and presentation of data, with the possibility of selection and search for information and support for geostatistical analysis, together with the possibility of displaying maps and sophisticated spatial analysis provided by the maps. The choice of this technology seeks to enhance operational efficiency and allow for strategic planning and management problems, both minimizing operating costs, such as speeding up decision-making processes. The study done by computer modeling of the PESET present the use of techniques widely used in environmental monitoring is extremely useful to professionals for the management and decision-makers in public policy related to environmental management of protected areas.