Processamento digital de imagens destinado ao mapeamento da ocupação humana do alto Bonfim e análise histórica dos remanescentes florestais entre os anos de 1965 a 2006.

Abstract

Through digital imaging, specifically the steps of segmentation and classification, it was possible to analyze the process of human occupation of Bonfim river basin, located in the city of Petropolis, state of Rio de Janeiro. This process enabled the generation of maps of land use and vegetation cover and configured in an important step for environmental assessment can help and give encouragement to perform the activities of management and environmental monitoring and historical analysis of forest remnants along in recent years. In this research were adopted thematic classes in order to allow classification of digital images in 1/40.000 scale. The classes were adopted: rocky outcrop vegetation and rock; works and buildings, vegetation and agricultural areas. Studies were made to indicate the best method of classification. First, we performed the classification system SPRING, testing the best parameters of similarity and detection of fragments in the area, only the vegetation class. There have been attempts to classify the other classes of the SPRING system used directly, but this classification has not been viable for presenting conflicts in relation to the classes thus this system was made only class classification and quantification of vegetation. Aiming to continue the research, it was decided to perform a visual interpretation through ArcGis system for all classes of land use, enabling the mapping of the dynamics of human evolution, before the forest rainforest area of study and analysis historical their remaining years between the years 1965, 1975, 1994 and 2006.