Avaliação da relação alimento/microrganismos para dimensionamento de reatores de tratamento de efluentes industriais por lodos ativados

Abstract

This work is about the analysis of a methodology based on the relation food / microorganisms for the calculation of the volume of reactors of treatment of industrial effluents by activated sludge. Such methodology takes into account the dynamic condition of the system, that is to say that there are variations of organic loads affluent over time. In addition, it is based on an experimental process, which exempts it from the use of arbitrarily adopted coefficients and parameters. To verify its functionality, the experimental work was carried out in real scale, applying the methodology to a real and comparative effluent treatment plant under the same conditions, to the methodologies existing in the literature, which, in addition to assuming the system stationary, which does not occur in practice, also adopt ranges of values of random coefficients for the design of the reactors. The treatment plant used in the work operates with sequential batch reactor (RSB), which is a variant of activated sludge capable of removing organic matter and nutrients and promoting the separation of the solid phase from the liquid in a single tank. After analysis of the effluent and data collection, the calculations were made for reactor design and generated sludge production. It was verified that the methodology analyzed is effective in the calculation of the volume of reactors of activated sludge, since its application reached a result with more than 99% of precision with respect to the real volume, whereas the existing methodology presented a result with accuracy of approximately 45%. In relation to the estimation of sludge production, with both the analyzed and traditional methods, results were obtained with 94% accuracy when using experimentally calculated coefficients. When using coefficients from the literature the accuracy of the traditional methodology is reduced to 78%.