Coleta seletiva e compostagem na Vila do Abraão (Ilha Grande, RJ): aspectos e recomendações

Abstract

Many Brazilian selective collection and separation and composting Plant programs have proven problematics, inefficient or even unfeasible. Nevertheless, it remains a solution targeted by management agencies and population. Noting that the selective collection and the installation and operation of these plants are important tools for the practice of recycling within the context of Integrated Management of Solid Waste, there is a need for better understanding of the problems associated with them so that there is a better planning and reduction of these problems. The present work has as main objective the recommendation of guidelines for a feasibility study and implementation of selective collection and sorting and Composting Unit in Vila do Abraão (Angra dos Reis, RJ), watching the local characteristics and difficulties that are commonly found in selective collection programs and operations of separation and composting Plants. The analysis, which was made through a review of scientific articles on Brazilian case studies about waste sorting, composting and this kind of plants, showed that the main difficulties associated with these programs are related to: the costs of operation and maintenance of programs and plants; the administrative and operational failures of plants, the inadequate training of workers, lack of environmental awareness of the population, the development of individual solutions (outside the context of integrated management) that ignore local factors. There was also a survey of Abraão local characteristics through in situ observations, interviews and field work. In this research about Vila do Abraão it was found that are still necessary understandings between local managers (local City Hall, Ilha Grande State Park), the population and the municipality of Angra dos Reis, as well as, it is necessary to further study the operation of a separation and composting Plant there, including the necessary partnerships (cooperatives, scavengers, City Hall, NGOs, etc.) and an environmental educational program for the effective participation of the local community. In addition to the recommendations made to the local managers, studies possibilities that can complement this work are given