Determinação de compostos monoaromáticos voláteis provenientes de emissões de veículos leves, em estacionamentos subterrâneos.

Abstract

This study aims to determine the contribution of evaporative emissions from light passenger vehicles to the degradation of the air quality. The main objective is to evaluate the concentrations volatile monoaromatic compounds benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) indoors, in a site that represents the reality of the vehicular fleet of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro. The samples were collected in an underground parking lot of a shopping mall in the northern zone of Rio de Janeiro, by a system of active sampling using charcoal cartridge as the adsorbent. The samples were extracted with organic solvent and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The average results were 52.7 μg.m-3 for benzene, toluene to 203.6 μg.m-3, 44.6 μg.m-3 for ethylbenzene, 115.7 μg.m-3 for xylene, toluene and the compound found in majority. These results were compared with results from the literature of vehicular emissions in confined spaces such as garages and tunnels. We investigated the correlation with emissions from a moving vehicle, obtained from previous studies in a tunnel of large circulation and emissions obtained in the underground parking. The results demonstrate demonstrated different emission sources.