Avaliação ambiental de micro e pequenas empresas industriais do arranjo produtivo local têxtil-confecção do município de Petrópolis-RJ

Abstract

This study was aimed an environmental assessment of the main production processes of a sample of 26 micro and small industrial enterprises located in a Local Production Arrangement of Textile and Clothing industries which was structured in a way to integrate the concepts of Local Production Arrangement and the Ec o-efficiency through the main variables used by the methodologies of Cleaner Production, adopted by the Network of Cleaner Production and Eco-efficiency, and Local Production Arrangement, developed by the REDESIST and PROMOS Project. Based on the principles of local sustainability, recommended by the Brazilian Agenda 21, in which a local productive arrangement is considered a unit of analysis for the development of participatory environmental planning, this study assessed the historic process of formati on of this kind of industrial cluster since its location in the territory, the relationship between the industries, local institutions and factors and conditions for the process of innovation in its multiple dimensions. To have a reference for the potential polluter of the main production p rocesses of textiles and clothing, for micro and small enterprises located in the State of Rio de Janeiro and for the industries of the sample, it was used the model Industrial Pollution Projection System (IPPS). Based on the results presented by geographic information system and an environmental diagnosis realized in these industries were identified and prioritized qualitatively the main aspects and impacts of the production processes from the method used by the Methodology of Cleaner Production and proposed criteria which were evaluated from the environmental perception of the entrepreneurs in accordance with a revision of themethod Gerenciamento de Aspectos e Impactos Ambientais (GAIA). With these results, presented in a format of an initial scenario, is intended to assist in the formulation of public policies and programs in order to facilitate an environmental planning and studies of prospecting t echnology toward solving the technology gap existing in micro and small enterprises related to environmental innovation and sustainable local development.