Caracterização ambiental preliminar de um sistema rio estuário tropical em área de Mata Atlântica, Ilha Grande (RJ).

Abstract

This paper aims to contribute to the recovery and conservation of waterways and biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro, by characterizing preliminary environmental river system - Andorinha Stream estuary, located on the Ilha Grande State Park (RJ) using abiotic and biotic indicators. Sampling occurred from 20/10/11 to 22/10/11, morning and afternoon, at two depths of three stations: AN-01 (furthest from the mouth), AN- 02 (middle, near the CEADS) and AN-03 (region of the mouth). The phyto-and protozooplankton were collected using polypropylene jars (500 ml), fixed with 2% formaldehyde neutralized with borax and analyzed by sedimentation chambers Uthermöl. Zooplankton was collected with a network of 68 mm in mesh, fixed with 4% formaldehyde neutralized with borax and analyzed in subsamples. The temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, pH and turbidity were analyzed in situ with probes. The light penetration depth and location were obtained from Secchi disc. Water samples for nutrient analysis were collected with a Van Dorn bottle and polypropylene bottles, frozen and taken for analysis in the laboratory of Geochemistry UFF. The station AN-01 had lower water temperature (19 º C), conductivity (2.3 μS/cm) and turbidity (1.1 NTU), but with higher values of OD (9.6 mg/L). Higher values of turbidity (6.9 NTU) and pH (7.7) were recorded at the station AN- 02, while the station EBG03 had higher water temperature (23.7 °C) and conductivity (1951 μS/cm). Phytoplankton showed maximum values at stations EBG02 morning 22/10/11 (4.28 x 103 ind/L) and AN-03 late on 10/20/11 (3.4 x 103 ind/L). Zooplankton showed maximum values at station AN-03 am (421.2 x 103 ind/L) and late (45.8 x 103 ind/L). The maximum values recorded for protozooplankton were recorded at stations in NA-02 morning 10/22/11 (35.1 x 103 ind/L) late on 21/10/11 (12.6 x 103 ind/L). From the abiotic data, the system was characterized as oligo-mesotrophic, with different characteristics in their collection points: AN-01 semi-lotic system with little influence of intrusion; AN-02 semi-lentic saline, with small intrusion of seawater, estuarine system AN-03, more intrusion of sea water. The dominance of sarcodina, diatoms and calanoids in richness and density, show the character estuarine because protozoa are indicators of lotic continental calanoids of marine diatoms and representatives of both environments. This preliminary study showed the environmental integrity of the estuary, a fact reflected in its preservation of the Atlantic Forest and its surroundings.