Estilos fluviais em bacias de drenagem na Vila Abraão e Vila Dois Rios: uma contribuição à gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos da Ilha Grande RJ.

Abstract

Ilha Grande, which is part of the Atlantic Rainforest biome, is currently protected by environmental conservation units defined by laws, due to its importance as part of the Brazilian environmental scenario. Ilha Grande has undergone changes at different levels over the centuries. The prison deactivation opened up doors to the uncontrolled growth of tourism, which worsened the basins studied, putting them in evidence. In this scenario, the study of Ilha Grande s three watersheds, located in the Green Coast area, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, sought to understand the river channels morphology and dynamics, through the analysis of the environmental characteristics, of human interference, and the application of the first stage of the River Styles® research methodology, pointing out the most sensitive parts. Five river styles were identified: the first two are called forested and rocky channels, styles which are less fragile because they are located in areas of difficult access; the stretches comprising meandering channels are most sensitive areas to anthropogenic actions, although they remain in good condition due to a poor human interference, and this style was identified only in the final portions of the main channels of Vila Dois Rios s two basins. The last styles are present in Vila Abraão, the gravel-sandy silted and sandy silted channels that bear more critical stretches due to human interferences and because they present an area with greater sensitivity. The information obtained after this study will serve as basis for the development of projects and researches aimed at rehabilitating the rivers assessed, along with their surroundings, as well as promoting the monitoring of conservation of the still preserved areas.