Caracterização e manejo de resíduos gerados nos laboratórios do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, IBRAG, UERJ.

Abstract

The growth of world population, industrialization and increasing consumption of products and services, has significantly increased the generation of waste which is causing negative impacts on human health and environment. In this context, it emphasizes the generation of hazardous products such as hospital waste. For their risks to public health and the environment, recommendations, standards and laws have emerged to guide the way the management and final disposal of wastes. In Brazil, the resolutions NBR 306/04 e CONAMA 358/05 provide guidelines for the preparation of a Plan of Waste Management of Health Services. The research and education laboratories must adapt to law, but there are few studies and the legislation does not specifically address the waste of these laboratories. The UERJ laboratories not have PGRSS. In UERJ, only two studies have raised the waste generated in laboratories, but the data collected for Institute of Biology -IBRAG- are not complete. Thus this study raised the types and quantities of waste generated biological, chemical, radioactive and perforating, and assessed the management of these laboratories in Ibrag. Data were collected by the information given by teachers or students or employees of laboratories and by direct observation. The data management were analyzed according to the RDC 306/04 Anvisa of Resolution CONAMA 358/05 and safety data sheets chemical elements. We studied 83% of laboratories IBRAG/UERJ. Of these, 43% generate chemical waste. Characterized laboratories, 19 laboratories only generate chemical waste. PAPC flags are located in 63% of laboratories generators of waste biological, chemical, radioactive or perforating. Of total waste generated in laboratories, approximately 80% was organic waste, 15% of chemical waste and 5% waste perforating. The management of waste in the laboratories is performed so confusing, usually the errors are in segregation, identification and packaging. In general, information on any used for waste management are incomplete, inaccurate or unknown. Shares of incorrect handling of waste are characteristic for each type of waste, the organic residue, often found themselves ordinary waste, or discarded in the collector is made of waste or waste organic perforating treaty should now be discarded as common waste. The chemical residue usually discarded without prior treatment in the sewage network. The radioactive waste without identification and monitoring of decay for later disposal. No residue was found perforating often, biological and chemical residue. For the success of a future Plan of Waste Management, the training of professionals is very important. The institution should invest in the consolidation of this work, considering she can not escape to take a pro-active with respect to environmental problems, be they leaders of the institution, or professionals who work there. It is hoped that this research can help in this direction.