Análise e ocorrência de Bisfenol A e atividade estrogênica em águas superficiais do Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract

Certain human activities, such as industry are responsible for affect the quality of water resources, through the elimination of chemicals that have been introduced in the environment for decades, exposing humans and animals to contact and possible effects. A specific group of substances called endocrine disruptors (EDs), are capable of causing negative effects in the endocrine system of humans and animals and, therefore, health affect the growth and reproduction, even at relatively low concentrations, in the order of μg.L-1 and ng.L-1. Because they are not removed completely by conventional effluent treatment processes, they can be present in water matrices, such as surface water. Bisphenol A (BPA), is considered an endocrine disrupter that has estrogenic activity, ie ability to mimic 17β-estradiol, natural estrogen hormone in the body and thereby cause disruption in the endocrine system. The in vitro assay YES has proven a good tool to evaluate the estrogenic activity of complex samples and chromatographic analytical techniques are being used to detect and quantify the presence of BPA in water matrices. In this work it was evaluated the occurrence of Bisphenol A (BPA) and the estrogenic activity in raw water sampling Guandu River, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, and drinking water. BPA was detected by gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in raw water, in the range from 219,8 to 1766.9 ng.L-1 in sampling site 1, 364,2 to 852,7 in sampling site 2, and in the range from 49.7 to 273.1 ng.L-1 in drinking water. The estrogenic activity assessed by in vitro assay YES to raw water in the two sampling sites presented EQ-E2 values from 1.2 to 8 ng.L-1 in site 1 and 1 to 32 ng.L-1 in site 2, while the drinking water showed no estrogenic activity. This work is a contribution to the increase of information about BPA in surface water for public supply of a crowded city like Rio de Janeiro.