Gestão sustentável de águas pluviais no parque urbano Ary Barroso, Rio de Janeiro - RJ

Abstract

Hydrological events observed in the last years, especially in the years 2013 to 2015, alert to a problematic scenario of water availability. Another problem is the processes of urbanization of large cities, which result in an increase in the impermeable area, which leads to an increase in surface runoff and a decrease in the hydraulic recharge of the groundwater. In this way, it has been observed that extreme hydrological and climatic events are potentiated with longer dry periods and more frequent floods and with higher intensities. For these reasons, it is necessary to manage water resources in a sustainable and integrated way. The objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the support capacity of certain rainwater storage and retention techniques in the Ary Barroso Urban Park, in Rio de Janeiro. For this, the conditions of the existing reservoir at the Arena Dicró, with 10.8 m³, were verified. Initially compared the dimensions of the reservoir with the most common methods of sizing rainwater reservoirs, considering the average monthly rainfall observed over the years 1997 to 2016 rainfall season Penha, besides considering a demand of 17,3 m³ per month. It was observed that the volume of the reservoir was below all the methodologies studied, approaching more the dimensions obtained by the German Practical Method. Based on the actual dimensions of the reservoir, it was found that the highest possible monthly demand to be met is equal to 14,4 m³, while for demand suggested by this work (17.3 m³), it was found that the reservoir would serve 10 months of the year. Also, two scenarios were studied to verify the surface runoff generated by the Ary Barroso Park area, considering a project rainfall with a recurrence time of 10 years and 16 minutes of intense rainfall. For Scenario 1, with the current conditions of occupation and land use, the surface runoff resulted in 0.89 m³/s or, in terms of volume, 856 m³. For Scenario 2, with the implantation of infiltration trenches and permeable pavements, it was possible to absorb all the surface runoff generated by the study area. These results express that compensatory techniques can assist in sustainable stormwater management, contributing to reduction of impacts caused by heavy rains, as well as rainwater utilization systems may serve to meet the water demand for less noble purposes.