Desafios da implementação da política nacional de resíduos sólidos: a gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos no município de São Gonçalo, RJ

Abstract

This paper discusses the challenges encountered by municipal public administrations to implement solid waste management in municipalities in accordance with the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS). It was used for the case study the municipality of São Gonçalo, located in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro. The municipality has a population of more than 1 million inhabitants and a per capita solid waste generation rate of 1.11 kg/inhab/day, which places it among the five largest generators of waste in the metropolitan region. In this way, the objective of this work was to evaluate the difficulties that a large municipality, such as São Gonçalo, finds in institutionalizing the National Policy on Solid Waste. For this, the data were collected together with the city hall and the concessionaires of the collection and final disposal services. The difficulties observed refer to the implementation of the PNRS instruments, from the structuring of the selective collection, programs for the social inclusion of the collectors, environmental education outside the scope of formal education, among others. These are aggravated by a high financial deficit in the urban solid waste management system, which limits municipal management and compromises the quality of urban cleaning services.