Associação entre as atividades desenvolvidas e os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares de enfermeiros de um hospital universitário

Abstract

This is a descriptive transverse study with a quantitative approach. This cross-sectional population-based study has as study population workers nurses of a university hospital in the State of Rio de Janeiro. It owns as primary objective of this study to estimate the magnitude of association between the professional activities of nurses and the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and as second purpose to describe the demographic and professional profile of the study nurses; correlate the presence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease with the type of activity developed; and establish the relationship of risk factors for cardiovascular disease with the stress level of nurses. It was selected for the study a total of 61 participants. The subjects were accessed through their immediate supervisors and the general management of hospital nursing, who was willing to help in this contact. Lists of names and sectors were made available and contacts so were performed. The variables that were analyzed in the study are the socio-demographic type, labor variables and variables related to risk factors for cardiovascular disease. A structured questionnaire for the evaluation of socioeconomic variables was used; variables on knowledge of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity; measurements of weight, height and blood pressure; information about the job. For the evaluation of job stress was used Bianchi Stress Scale. After secondary statistical analysis, the measurement of score Bianchi Stress Score and Global Risk for cardiovascular disease, it was identified that the statistically significant variables associated with cardiovascular risk were sex, age and stress group (low and medium). With logistic regression was possible to identify the size of the association. The male has a chance to present cardiovascular risk 5.66 times larger than the female. The age group between 40 and 59 years has a cardiovascular risk 4.37 times bigger than age group between 20 and 39 years. The individuals with Bianchi Stress Score (EBS) classified as Medium have cardiovascular risk 6.63 times higher than those with low EBS. The association between stress and cardiovascular risk was 3.23. It was concluded that there is a clear association between stress, assessed by the Bianchi Stress Score and increased overall cardiovascular risk by ER Global. The professionals working in closed sectors have a higher global cardiovascular risk. Nurses know the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Paradoxically found that nurses who have only one job present a global risk intermediary. Men professional, in our study, present a global cardiovascular risk greater than women.