A luta das enfermeiras por um espaço na FAB: a turma pioneira de oficiais (1981-1984)

Abstract

This study, historical-social, has as its object the inclusion of nurses as officers of the Brazilian Air Force (FAB) by the pioneer Table Female Officers (QFO). The first milestone in the study refers to the start of Stage Adaptation military on August 02th, 1982 in Center for Specialized Instruction Air Force (CIEAR), located in Rio de Janeiro. The final conquest of the study relates to the expiration of the initial mandatory two years of active service with these nurses, which led to the promotion of same to the rank of 1st Lt. (1984). The study aims to describe the circumstances of the nurses integration in the selection process of the QFO, analyze the process of incorporation of military habitus during Stage Adaptation, and discuss strategies to fight of the military to occupy their proper places in the FAB hospitals. The technique of data collection used was the interview and took place between April and May 2009 in hospital of FAB in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Five nurses from military first group of QFO were interviewed. The study was registered in SISNEP and approved by the Ethics Committee of FAB. All subjects signed the informed consent and donation term oral testimony. The method used was thematic oral history of the theoretical study was based on the thought of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, whose concept of symbolic power, habitus, field, social space and symbolic violence claimed the construction of this dissertation. For the analysis and interpretation of data, we follow the steps proposed by Maria Cecilia Minayo sort of data, which comprised the full transcript of testimony, chronological and thematic classification of the written documents, data classification and the final analysis. It was found that various reasons have encouraged nurses to aim their insertion in the FAB as good pay, financial stability, professional development, clearing a new field, distinguished clientele, retirement with full pay and pioneer in FAB. The goal of the adaptation was to inculcate the military habitus in military candidates from teachings based on hierarchy, discipline, ethics, duty and military commitment . When they entered in FAB hospitals, the nurses received a variety of positions and functions, climbing a symbolic power of the nursing staff. The inevitable symbolic struggles of nurses occurred with military doctors, with the nursing staff, with nurses and civilians, with proper administration of the hospital, and showed the characteristic features of symbolic violence triggered by gender struggles and maintaining power, as nurses, with their status as military chief and, inserted in a predominantly male field.