A vivência do processo de menopausa para mulheres: uma contribuição para a enfermagem

Abstract

They is esteem that, in the year of 2025, 23% of the total population of the developed countries will be with more than 60 years, what show the gradual aging of the population contingent of these countries. In this way, is perceivable the contingent of women who will be living deeply the phase of the menopause with its biological, psychological and social effects. The physiological and chemical changes that happen in the women during the menopause s phase, followed with the aesthetic depreciation of the body, have been interpreted as loss of the feminine characteristics, signaling the inevitable aging and the end of the life. However, many of the discomforts that the women live in this phase not must to the biological changes, but to its process of socialization, characterizing the genre influence. In this context, this work had as object the study of the influence of the relation of genre in the experience and meaning of the process of the menopause, having as objective: describes the experience of the menopause on the perspective of women and to identify the particularitities involved to the genre in the experience of the menopause on the perspective of the women. For development of the work, was done one research descriptive-qualitative with customers of the Basic Units of Health of the city of Curitibanos-SC, in the period of 1 to 15 of October of 2009. For the collect of data, one structured interview was used with an orienting question: It speaks to me, as are for you to be living the menopause. The interviews were done with 20 women, with ages between 45 and 55 years and that had presented spontaneous menopause. The interpretation and analysis was done by analysis of content of the thematic type described by Bardin. In the narratives, was done the identification of categories that was integrated in four main subjects: Living on the Menopause, Identifying Transformations in the Woman Body and in the Life, Cares Myself, Research Information/Influences and Building Knowledge. Was possible identify in these categories that the women bring the idea that the menopause phase is an illness, and relate this phase with aging and physical decline, which brings great sufferings, what it demonstrates to the influence of genre in this phase. The interviewed ones showed diverse symptoms in its words, this bother and intervene in the daily activities and its way to be, and this situation, influence many times in its familiar and professional behavior. The knowledge on the menopause, in this group of women, was constructed throughout its lives and reflects its cultural and social realities, leaving evident the scarcity of information sources and the taboos related with the subject. This work improve of knowledge in consideration the effect that the genre influence can have in the experience and perception of the menopause, demystifying the experience mode of the women during this period, not conditioning for stereotypes and beliefs related to the genre.