O ensino do fenômeno das drogas na Faculdade de Enfermagem da UERJ: estratégias pedagógicas desenvolvidas pelos docentes

Abstract

This study has as object the pedagogical strategies adopted by the professors of the Faculty of Nursing of the Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro in the teaching of contents related to the phenomenon of drugs in the professional formation of the nurses. The aims of this study are to identify the professors conceptions about the phenomenon of drugs; to verify the professors perceptions concerning the use and abuse of drugs; to analyze the pedagogical strategies carried out by the professors of the Faculty of Nursing of the Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro in the teaching of the contents about drugs, to discuss the pedagogical strategies used by the professors, correlating them to the explanatory samples for the use and abuse of drugs. The methodological way was fulfilled through a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The scenery of the study was the Faculty of Nursing of the Universidade do Estado do Rio de janeiro. The subjects of research were the professors that mention the contents related to the phenomenon of drugs in some moment of the formation of the Nurses. Ten professors were interviewed. All of them are members that belong to the institution and all the rules established by the 196/96 decree for the research with human beings were fulfilled. The study was registered in the SISNEP and submitted to the evaluation of the Conselho de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto. The data collection took place by means of the application of a list of eight questions of identification of subjects and six open questions related to the object of study. The data collection happened in 2007 from April to August. The collected data were treated in accordance with the methodological reference of the analysis of the thematic content according to Bardin. Three categories amerged from the analysis: FENF/UERJ Professors Conceptions about the Phenomenon of Drugs, Professors Perceptions about the use and abuse of drugs. Pedagogical Strategies Adopted by the Professors for the Teaching of the Phenomenon of drugs, being the last category the most expressive that contains the greatest number of the units of register. From the analysis of the professors speeches, we conclued that the teaching about the phenomenon of the dugs in the Faculty of Nursing is presented in an increasing movement of complexity inside the curriculum of the FENF. It is based on the biomedical and psychosocial samples for the use and abuse of drugs and the theoretical and practical strategies are substantiated on Paulo Freire s theory of problems, as advocated in the theoretical skeleton in the curriculum of the FENF. The data showed up that there are still gaps in the formation of future Nurses in relation to the contents about the phenomenon of drugs and that the preparation for the FENF professors is a strategy of extreme importance for the teaching about drugs to follow the national and international tendencies of this phenomenon of macroestucture nature.