O acesso ao teste anti-HIV na ótica das mulheres: contribuições para a enfermagem

Abstract

This study aims to investigate access to HIV testing for women considering gender issues and vulnerability in the context of public policy. For this the following objectives are traced: to describe the experience lived by women in relation to access to HIV testing; identify the perspective of women the role of health professionals for the indication of HIV testing; discuss the factors that facilitate and / or hamper access to HIV testing from a gender perspective. The method used was the narrative of life proposed by French sociologist Daniel Bertaux. For the life narratives it used the guiding question of the interview "Tell me about your life that is related to the anti-HIV test." For analysis of the narratives was performed thematic analysis. The theoretical framework emerged from the narratives and anchored in the Theory of the Transitional Care of Afaf Meleis. The survey showed three categories that permeate the questions on access to HIV testing: access to care; the old and new problems associated with gender and women's vulnerability to HIV. The first shows at what time the lives of women happens HIV testing, and discusses the factors that hinder access, non-pregnant, anti-HIV test; the second discusses how women can not negotiate condom use during sexual intercourse due to gender issues that permeate the relationships and the third highlights the vulnerability to HIV infection. From these categories identified that access to HIV testing is still restricted to the pregnancy and that health professionals still reproduce centered care in gender issues prioritizing reproductive approach, and that women's sexuality is seen only to bear a child, which helps to increase female vulnerability to HIV. It was concluded that although there is public programs and policies that stimulate and ensure access to health services and comprehensive care to women, health professionals still find it difficult to work with women's sexuality in the XXI century. So, are located in only during pregnancy, and perpetuate the invisibility of women's health that do not experience nor wish to experience a pregnancy. The results show that women are increasingly vulnerable to HIV, when put into practice their autonomy, to live sexuality, won from the women's movement, however, it is clear that they are not empowered to experience it in order safe.