Relação entre fatores de risco no ambiente hospitalar e a saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem

Abstract

It s about a no experimental study bent on ergonomics, epidemiology and biostatics. It was used a quantitative approach, descriptive and transverse. It is presented as a study target the nursing employees perception from a university hospital about the work risk factors and its relation with the health problems. The goal was to evaluate the relation between risk factors and the nursing employees health. It was developed at the university hospital from the State of Rio de Janeiro, with a sample consisting of 296 nurses from the nursing department, in 2008. It was used for the data collect a questionnaire from Mauro adapted from Boix and Vogel (1997). The data were analyzed through the Statical Package for the Social Sciences Program (SPSS) version 12.0. It was pointed in this study the concepts that support the professional and personal features of the nursing worker, the organization, the content and the job conditions, besides the political, legal and social situation lived by the workers day by day. Among the results it is highlighted as risk factors by order of incidence, the biological risk, the ergonomics and psychosocial risks, the mechanical or accident risks, the chemical and physical risk. The so called risks create a inadequate environment, capable of producing reflexions on the worker s health in case they are not controlled or eliminated. In relation to the health problems highlighted here, the ones related to the work, were the musculoskeletal troubles, represented by back pains, injuries in the spine, as varicose veins, and the psychosocial problems, as stress and low-spiritedness. It is concluded that the hypothesis raised on this study that the risk factors interfere on the health problems of the nursing workers is true in the studied hospital. It is recommended the discussion of the results with the workers and managers, as well as the creation of a Ergonomics committee to evaluate and implement changes and improvements in the work environment of the university hospital.