Resiliência da enfermeira diante da variabilidade do trabalho em terapia intensiva

Abstract

The object of inquiry of this study is the resilience of the intensive nurse front the situations of variability of the work in Intensive Care Unit. The delimited objectives had been: to characterize the agreement of the intensive nurses on its relation with the work in the scene of the Intensive Care; to argue the factors motivators of the permanence of the intensive nurses in the work in Intensive Care; and to analyze the related protective factors to the resilience of the intensive nurses which ahead favor the maintenance of the health of the context of the Intensive Care. As it has supported theoretician had been boarded concepts and presupposes related to the variability and the resilience, contextualizing them in the world of the work of the Intensive Care. The study it was supported in the conceptions of psychodynamic of the work developed by Dejours, searching dialectically to understand the experiences happened of the suffering-pleasure of the work, as well as the construction factors of the resilience. Qualitative and descriptive research, with boarding dialectic, developed in a Intensive Care Unit of a hospital of the private net of health in the city of Rio de Janeiro, after approval for its Committee of Ethics in Research. The citizens had been 10 intensive nurses in performance in this Intensive Care Unit have at least one year. The collection instruments had been half-structuralized interview, daily of field and Scale of Resilience, applied between June/2008 and August/2008, with previous signature of the Term of Free and Clarified Assent. The analysis method characterized in the content analysis, evidencing three categories: profile of the nurses in the scene of the Intensive Care; of the suffering to the pleasure: the dialectic feeling of the intensives nurse; and the resilience of the intensive nurse: protective factors of the health. The results had evidenced that the intensive nurses present a profile of affinity with situations limits, like challenges and to surpass them results in pleasure. They are dynamic, they are felt satisfied to they deal it with technological apparatuses, they like to study, to learn and to teach. These professionals have, also, auto-esteem high for being inserted in the context of the Intensive Care. One verified that the determinative factors of the pleasure and the satisfaction lived deeply by the nurses also provide to the suffering and the consuming, strengthening the multiple situations dialectics that involve the world of the work. It was evidenced that the nurses are resilient front to the characteristics of the Intensive Care Unit, being distinguished inherent variability of this environment of work. Some protective factors had been apprehended, which help to assurance the resilience of the sport nurses, being distinguished it the practical one, regular leisure, conviviality with familiar friends and, good relationship with the fellow workers, adjusted feeding, attention to the aspects spirituals, beyond being inserted in a work organization that values the subjective dimension of the worker and recognizes the effort of the same. With this, it is considered that the study object was apprehended and that the objectives had been reached. New research is suggested that has as object, for example, the protective correlation between risk factors, factors of the resilience front to the variability, extending the focus of inquiry for all the nursing team.