Avaliação do efeito da interação solo estrutura sobre o comportamento estrutural de edificações em aço e mistas (aço concreto).

Abstract

Knowledge of the subject matter soil structure interaction (SSI) allows buildings to be designed in a more realistic manner, in line with physical interactions. Decades ago, it would be unfeasible to effect measurements taking into account the deformability of foundation soil, and thus structures were measured assuming foundations as unmovable, over a rigid basis. Such a consideration leads to inadequate structural findings, often compromising the safety and stability of the structural set. At present, technological advances permit grasping the results of millions of mathematical calculations in a matter of seconds, allowing for more advanced and dynamic solutions, and facilitating structural measurements in such a way as to cater to new standards in construction and architecture. The relevance of the subject motivated the numerical analysis of a four-store building of mixed (steel concrete) structure, considering the effects of soil structure interaction. Analyses were undertaken with ANSYS software, with finite elements, replacing unmovable supports with linear, elastic and discrete springs, with rigidity equivalent to that of soil, as in Winkler s hypothesis. The parameters of foundation soils were obtained from empirical correlations encountered in literature and from the PLAXIS computer program, used to determine the springs elastic constants. In this work, the resulting vertical reactions, normal stress, bending moments and structure displacements were compared, all of which were obtained from the classical project model, which assumes unmovable supports, and from the Winkler model, which considers soil structure interaction. The analyses have been executed for six different kinds of clay, silt and sand soils. Results showed clearly the redistribution of bending moments, normal stress and vertical reactions on pillars, with significant differences for corner and peripheral pillars. It was observed that there is a trend to relieve efforts on most demanded pillars, when the structure is assumed to be over a rigid basis. The analyses showed the importance of soil structure interaction, with effects originating from rearranging foundation soil over structural elements of buildings.