Aplicação de Lógica Nebulosa para Previsão do Risco de Escorregamento de Taludes em Solo Residual.

Abstract

The stability of slopes is a topic of great interest to the geotechnical engineer, given the significant economic losses, and even human, resulting from the slopes collapse. It s estimated that the landslides outbreak has already caused thousands of deaths and tens of billions of dollars in annual losses worldwide. The phenomena of instability of slopes are conditioned by many factors, such as climate, the lithology and structures of rock, the morphology, the anthropic and others. The analysis of geological and geotechnical conditions of landslides provides an appraisal of each of the factors involved in the processes of instability of slopes, allowing the achievement of results of interest with regard to the mode of action of factors. The current work aims at the use of Fuzzy Logic to create a model that, in qualitative form, provide an estimate of the risk of landslides on the slope of residual soil. To fulfill this objective, we studied the factors involved in the processes of instability of slopes, and how these factors are interrelated. As experience of the expert to the development of the model was examined an extensive database of landslides in Rio de Janeiro, provided by the Geo-Rio Foundation. It is presented in this work, one history case well documented for the validation of the Fuzzy Model and parametric analysis, conducted with the objective to verify the consistency of the model and influence of each of the factors used to predict the risk of landslides. Among the main findings includes the capability of Fuzzy Logic in predicting risk of landslides on the slope of residual soil, appearing as a tool capable of assisting in the detection of areas of risk.