Modelagem numérica de vibrações induzidas por tráfego de veículos em um edifício residencial

Abstract

Urban buildings may be exposed to different types of dynamic excitations, such as those acting directly on the structure, or those produced by external sources away from the building, whose vibration is transmitted to the foundations by waves propagating through the soil. The first type of excitation is generally well understood in the field of structural dynamics, as opposed to the dynamic response of buildings where the vibratory source on the soil is away from the building. In this case, the building response is usually analyzed under the simplified assumption of building under base motion. Short term transient loading and steady state loading are the most common sources of waves to produce undesired vibrations in urban buildings supported by either shallow or deep foundations. In this Dissertation, the transient vibratory response of a piled building on a thick deposit of soft clay, in the City of Rio de Janeiro, is investigated by dynamic 2D finite element analysis, to model the propagation of small amplitude shear, compression and surface waves generated by traffic loading. This is a real case of monitored excessive vibrations, where residents complained about the dynamic discomfort. The building foundations on steel piles as well as the structure itself showed to be highly susceptible to vibrations induced by heavy adjacent urban traffic. The modeled results of acceleration at the top of the building is compared to the actual monitored accelerations, with a satisfactory match.