Metodologia de projeto de turbinas eólicas de pequeno porte.

Abstract

Initial estimates of the potential contribution of wind power in Brazil for selected areas are approximately of 143GW. This figure represents two times the total power already installed. In Brazil, wind power relates to hydroelectrical power in such way that when wind speeds are high and stable, reservoirs experiences low capacity in water volume. The project herein presented has its origins on the approval of sponsorship from FINEP, a governmental agency that provided grant to develop a 5kW windmill over a period of 30 months. Among the objectives of this project are the development of a new technology to be applied to windmills, by means of technological innovation. More specially, the main proposal was to evaluate wind turbines behavior numerically and experimentally, including its implementation in wind towers to generate 5kW.This is accomplished in detail x out performance of analysis of structural characteristics, aerodynamic, performance e viability on the use of new materials were performed. To this end, we shall defie a specific methodology to each area of knowledge. Aerodynamic analysis was performed by means of initial numerical simulation followed by experimental tests in wind tunnel. A detailed description of the experimental set up and procedures is provided in chapter 3. Chapter 4 deals with electrical parts of the project. At this point an apparatus was specifically designed and built in order to acquire relevant parameters, which describe the electrical generator, provided we can predict on some measure the electrical energy performance under three diferent operating conditions, namely, without load, loaded and charging batteries. A detailed description of 5kW prototype manufactured is presented along with an analysis of the results are presented at the end of this chapter. Finally, the whole set was completed and were performed. The complete Truck-test set of the windmill is composed by tower, generator, turbines, controlling system and safety system. Results obtained are in agreement with the expected. At this moment, the 5kW windmill finds itself in operation. The windmill is instrumented and equipped with an data acquisition system to consolidate reliability tests, which provide eficiency tests, noise determination and safety devices test performance. This set of data will confirm the global performance and consolidate the 5kW windmill.