Simulação computacional do desempenho energético da edificação laboratorial, Radial 8, do CENPES/PETROBRAS

Abstract

Currently, 50.8% of national electricity consumption refers to the building sector. Among the various types of existing buildings, the laboratories are characterized by the intense use of energy and by presenting significant opportunities to improve energy efficiency. Technical reports from laboratory sector demonstrate that a single fumehood can consume electric power equivalent to three or four family houses, showing the high electricity expenditures of this building. Therefore, analyzes and initiatives aimed at reducing electrical consumption in laboratories become extremely relevant to this niche and consequently to the National Energy Balance, since this type of construction is present in the various sectors of society. So, this research aims to evaluate the energy performance of an existing Chemical Laboratory in the city of Rio de Janeiro using Hourly Analysis Program (HAP), version 4.91. So, the current system will be simulated according to data obtained in field survey. This simulation showed an efficiency of 45%. From this analysis, ten scenarios of improvements to the HVAC system (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) of the building were simulated, since these equipments represent on average 70% of the total consumption of the building. From the data obtained in the simulations, parameters of thermal load, electric consumption, cost with energy, energy efficiency and international labor assessment indices (defined by the Laboratories for the 21st Century program - LABs21) were evaluated to determine the best solution. The most efficient proposal achieved an efficiency of 73% and utilized sensitive and latent heat recovery systems and active chilled beams. The best solution will also be evaluated based on the ideal sizing parameters stipulated by the LABs21 and the international certification of energy efficiency in buildings, LEED, where it presented a 35% energy saving compared to the base model of this methodology.