Estudo de catalisadores modelo à base de CeO2-ZrO2 dopado com cobre para controle de emissões de NOx

Abstract

Conventionally, noble metals are used as active metals in automotive catalytic converters, but the use of copper has been studied because copper promote active sites for chemical adsorption and reduction of NOx. Thus, this work aims to test new formulations of automotive catalysts, focusing on their performance in catalytic reduction of NO by CO and its selectivity to N2. The method of copper addition and the copper contents used in the preparation were evaluated. The addition methods used were dry impregnation (IS), solid state reaction (RS) and coprecipitation (CO). The copper contents studied were between 0,36 e 6,9 wt%. In addition, the impact on catalyst performance after thermal aging at 950 ° C for 12h was also studied. Textural and physico-chemical caracterization techniques were employed, such as atomic absorption spectrometry, N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and temperature programmed reduction. Catalysts were evaluated in the reduction reaction of NO by CO. The textural analysis indicated that addition of copper by the coprecipitation method led to textural characteristics different from the other catalysts. XRD analysis showed the formation of crystalline CuO for contents equal to or greater than 3,3 wt% of copper. TPR analysis indicated that there was a strong interaction at the interface between the substrate and the copper species dispersed together with the lowering of the temperature reduction of CuO and the partial reduction of ceria at lower temperatures. The catalytic activity results showed a better performance of the (IS) catalysts, which showed higher conversions at lower temperatures. Concerning the aging process, there was a significant decrease in the efficiency of the catalysts. A comparison with catalysts doped with noble metal showed good performance of the catalysts doped with copper, with the advantage of these presenting N2O emission restricted to low temperatures