Como o homem se orienta no mundo? Uma discussão com Werner Heisenberg

Abstract

Between the years of 1942 and 1943, Werner Heisenberg produced a manuscript that presented his most important and extensive philosophical reflections. The editors named the text Reality and its Order (Ordnung der Wirklichkeit), which was only published after the death of the author. In the considerations drafted in this manuscript, Heisenberg diagnoses a deep crisis not only in the sphere of sciences, but also in the fields of morals and politics. In this way, the purpose of this theses is to discuss some of the ideas presented by Heisenberg, based on the points of views that I share with this physicist-philosopher regarding the way through which a human being guides itself in the world. The crisis is a phenomenon that serves to demonstrate the need for a re-articulation of ontology. It is not simply a reconsideration of the classical divisions between objectivity and subjectivity, or between moral law and feelings; or even the struggle between freedom and equality for the foundation of the political sphere. Such dichotomies should be suspended in favor of a determination of beings in the world as a totality, as well as in favor of the processes of temporalization that determine the measure of human activities and the different sources that grants to human beings the Power they needs in order to establish the state of community. Reformulating the concept of reality as well as opening the possibility of its understanding as levels and ambits, such is the course of our confrontation with Heisenberg, which overcomes the triviality of an assumed realism, understood as set of things simply given.