A deontologia da paz em Kant: uma análise do caráter deontológico do projeto de paz perpétua de Immanuel Kant

Abstract

In this work an analysis of the perpetual peace project presented by Immanuel Kant in his essay Towards Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch was conducted. In order to better critically understand this project, this work goes beyond Perpetual Peace and analyses other political writings of Kant, such as, for example, The Metaphysics of Morals and The Strife of Faculties. The work also includes analyses of Kant s work made by contemporary commentators. The methodology of the work was to analyse Kant s works, and also his commentators s works that are relevant to the topic of the deontology of peace. The focus of the work s exposition was the deontological aspect that Kant assigns to his peace project. The Kantian idea of a deontology of peace is composed of a series of concepts, duties and ideias. As a result, this work s analysis is directed, mainly, to the examination of these parts that together constitute the deontology of peace. Ideas such as republicanism, state of nature, league of free states, world state, cosmopolitan law, hospitality, etc, were the main objects of this work s analysis. At the end of the work, we can conclude that the implementation of perpetual peace is not an unimportant moral duty in Kant s practical philosophy, but the highest political good whose possibility of implementation is intrinsically connected with the doctrine of right s validity. The work also concludes that Kant s project has a lot of influence in contemporary international relations. Doctrines such as the cosmopolitan democracy and the peace through democracy hold Kant s peace project as theoretical basis for their proposals.