Avaliação dos testículos de ratos submetidos à torção testicular antes, durante e após a puberdade e o efeito do tratamento com resveratrol

Abstract

Testicular torsion (TT) is a disease relatively frequent, which was assessed in many experimental and clinical studies over the years. TT can occur in any age, but is more common in patients under 21 years old, mostly in neonatal period and around 13 years old. The rate of this disease in youths under 25 years is about 1/400. The TT also twists the spermatic cord, which generates an impairment of the testicular blood supply and is considered a urological emergency. After TT, the testicular artery and pampiniform plexus become occluded, disrupting arterial supply and venous drainage of the testis, decreasing provision of nutrients and oxygen for tissues and cells, leading to testicular ischemia. This condition affects sperm production of the twisted testicle and may impair the fertility. This study assessed reproductive function, some morphological and spermatic parameters in adult rats which underwent experimental TT before, during and after puberty and also the effect of the treatment with resveratrol. Right testicles of rats were twisted 720° for 4 hours in all groups except the control group. TT was done during the prepubertal period (4 weeks old), puberty (6 weeks old) and young adult period (9 weeks old). For each group, there was another group which animals underwent the same procedure and were treated with resveratrol, 30 mg/kg resveratrol was injected by an intraperitoneal route, 30 minutes before detorsion, followed by gavage for 7 days. Each rat in adulthood was mated with three adult females at 12 weeks old, in order to assess parameters of fertility. All animals were killed at 14 weeks old and testes were removed for analyses Concentration, motility and viability of spermatozoids were evaluated on samples taken from the tail of the epididymis. Morphological parameters were evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic stereological methods. Reproductive function of animals at different ages was not affected by TT, however, after treatment with resveratrol, rats operated at 4 and 6 weeks old presented greater potency and animals operated at 9 weeks old showed higher fertility rate in adulthood. Morphological parameters were affected in all twisted testes at all ages. Some of these parameters improved after treatment with resveratrol and the adjuvant effect was greater in rats which underwent TT at 4 weeks old. However, resveratrol recovered the seminiferous epithelium in the group that suffered TT at 9 weeks of age, which did not show any epithelium after TT. The spermatic parameters decreased in all ages and the resveratrol did not affect it, despite it has recovered sperm production in group that underwent TT with 9 weeks old, once all animals were azoospermic after the TT. There was almost no damage in the contralateral testis. Resveratrol promoted protective effect for TT, mainly when animals underwent TT at prepubertal age.