Consumo materno de dois compostos bioativos da semente da linhaça sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais das mães e proles durante a lactação

Abstract

We evaluated the mother s intake of SDG (Diglicoside secoisolariciresinol) and flaxseed oil + SDG upon biochemical and hormonal parameters of lactating female rats and the male and female offspring during lactation. The female lactating rats were divided into: Control (C): feeding a diet with casein; (SDG): feeding diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet; (OLSDG): diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet and 7% of flaxseed oil. Milk samples were obtained on the 14th and 20th days of lactation and the mothers were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture on the 21st day. Milk and serum were collected for biochemical and hormonal analysis. The male and female offsprings were sacrified on the 14th and 21st day. The hormonal dosages were measured by radioimunassay. The animals were completely eviscerated to analyze body composition. Body mass (BM) and food intake were monitored during all experimental period. The SDG rats showed higher fat mass (+39%) while the OLSDG rats showed lower mineral content (-20%) and triglycerides (TG) serum levels (-39%). The SDG and OLSDG rats showed higher prolactin levels (+339% and +153% respectively) without changes in serum estradiol. On the 14th day of lactation we observed lower lactose (-17%) and protein (-20%) content in the OLSDG rat s milk while in the SDG only lower protein (-21%). From the 13th day of lactation both the males and females OLSDG showed lower BM ( - 14%, - 16%, respectively). On the 14th day the male SDG and OLSDG showed lower fat mass (-24%, -55%, respectively), and the SDG offspring showed higher visceral fat mass (+39%). The SDG male also showed higher TG levels (+105%) and lower prolactin levels (-41%). The OLSDG males also showed lower prolactin serum levels (-41%). The OLSDG female showed higher serum estradiol at 14 days (+86% e +176%), which normalized at 21 days and higher cholesterolemia (+16%) and the SDG female presented higher TG levels (+74%). On day 21th day the male and female SDG and OLSDG showed lower TG levels (-48%,-54%, -42% and 59% respectively). Thus, the two main component of flaxseed showed biochemical and hormonal changes in the mothers and offspring, independent of gender. However, the changes observed in mothers differ from the offspring, and differ accordingly with the sex of offspring. The most impressive changes were the maternal hyperprolactinemia that can be one of the cause for the observed hypoprolactinemia in the offspring and the other main finding was the hypertriglyceridemia in the SDG group.