Um estudo sobre a teoria de campos no espaço-tempo não comutativo

Abstract

The quantum aspects of field theory formulated in concommutative spacetime has been widely studied along years. A key aspect is what is known as IR/UV mixing of divergences,which was first observed by Minwalla et al [28], who studied the non-commutative scalar field with quartic interaction. In this work, at 1 loop analisys, the mixing was seen in the tadpole, which has 2 contributions: nonplanar graph carries the IR divergence and the planar graph carries the UV divergence. This fact makes the theory nonrenormalizable. Due to this problem, mechanisms have been proposed to decouple both regimes to end up with renormalizable theories. One of these mechanisms is the addition of a nonlocal term on the U*(1) action to be stable. In this work we study, following the approach of algebraic renormalization, the stability of this model. We therefore need to localize the nonlocal operator through auxiliary fields and its ghosts (Zwanziger s method) intending to withdraw the spurious degrees of freedom. We use the soft breaking approach to analize the term that breaks the BRST symmetry rewriting it with a set of external sources in a BRST doublet in such a way that the original term is obtained when we set the sources to their physical values. As a result, we have seen that the theory with the addition of this term in the action is only renormalizable if we introduce new terms, some of them being quartic, but these terms change the form of the propagator so that they don t decouple the regimes. Another aspect that we noticed is that, depending on the choice of some parameters, the propagator gives clues of a confining photon , following the criterion of Wilson and the criterion of loss of positivity of the propagator.