Os coros musicais como lugar antropológico na comunidade política de Atenas no processo de instauração da isonomia em Clístenes no final do século VI a.C.

Abstract

This present dissertation intends to address the Greek musical chorus as one of the aspects in the political and social creation of the Athenian citizen, which represents an element of social and political integration in the polis in the end of the VI century BC. The expression musical chorus is used to denominate the choral performances of the ancient Hellenes that consisted in an intrinsic union between the singing and the dancing, what build an artistic form from a link of integrated movements up to the singing word, being both inseparable. The selected theoretical instrument is founded in the concept of anthropological place of Marc Augé, whose definition corresponds to a concrete and symbolic construction of the space that occurs a group of collective and individual practices. In this order, the musical chorus corresponds to a social construction, representing the bond that its members have with the identity that is built for them by the present collectivity in the Athenian political community. From this perspective, we materialize the musical chorus as an anthropological place in the material culture of the Attics ceramics, which the symbolic representation of citizens appeared in the iconography of the vases let us identify elements that relate them to the political community of the archaic polis. Pursuant to this, it is important to highlight that our analyses documentation consists in a group of ceramics dated in the end of the VIº century that represents the musical chorus as an anthropological place. Through this theoretical approach, this present work hypothetizes that the musical chorus was formed mainly by members from the aristocratic elite, due to the fact that this social segment has a prominent relevance in the political context of the instauration process of isonomy. Another hypothesis defended in this dissertation refers to the existence of a relation between the musical chorus and the hoplite phalanx, in which the participation of the citizens in chorus of the public festivals worked as a complementary activity to the formation of the soldier peasant citizen that integrated the political community of the Athenian political community.