A Fundação Educar e a Extinção das Campanhas de Alfabetização de Adultos no Brasil

Abstract

This research aims at analyzing the trajectory of the National Foundation for Youth and Adult Education (Educar), as well as the reasons that led to the extinction of adult literacy campaigns in Brazil. The history of the Educar Foundation is not only inscribed in the contradictions of the New Republic, it is also the closing of a majorcycle in the history of Brazilian education that involves the expansion and democratization of opportunities for primary education since the 1940s. This cycle supposedly closed in 1990, and the effort of youth and adult literacy through campaigns, that started well in the 1940s, was extinguished with the Educar Foundation. The main objective of this research is to analyze the actions of the Educar Foundation between the years 1985 and 1990, seeking to realize and understand the causes / reason why have happened the transformation of the Brazilian Literacy Movement Foundation (Mobral) into Educar. It also addresses the processes of implementation of literacy projects throughout the country, and the reasons for its extinction on the day of inauguration of President Fernando Collor, leading to the end of literacy campaigns for youth and adults in Brazil. Due to the complexity in the theme, we chose a qualitative methodology based on a survey of primary information and literature. Also statements were collected, using the resources and possibilities of an open interview, which were analyzed based on the theory of Content Analysis. We concluded that the extinction of the Educar Foundation, as well as all other adult literacy campaigns in Brazil, was due to the dismantling of the state during the Collor administration. We also point out that the political and electoral interests in youth and adult literacy ended up with Constitution of 1988, which allows the illiterate to vote.