As novas faces da dualidade educacional na contemporaneidade e o ideário educacional anarquista

Abstract

This Ph.D. dissertation springs from the hypothesis of the existence of an educational duality (ED) in contemporary policies, which is confirmed by this work. In its turn, ED (a school for the elite and another one for the lower classes) does exist for the hegemonic class to preserve the social stratification and work division to its benefit. It has the collusion of the State, even if it expresses itself as a class struggle in process. As a work methodology, it is based on the historical dialectical materialism aiming at embracing the conflict of interests among social classes and to be able to characterize the materiality and the dialecticality of the subjectifications explained. The work to fight against ED is made mediated by the anarchist educational thinking and approaches Marxism through the Enlightenment origins, common to both currents. This is a Humanistic-based work that goes beyond the Enlightenment logic. It s possible to notice how Anarchism advances its categories of equality, freedom and solidarity. In order to better embrace the relation of ED phenomena, the globalized political and economic context in the new configurations of the State and the social society in Brazil under the influence of the financial capitalism in force is taken into account; as well as Florestan Fernandes s views on Brazil as a dependent-capitalism country. As for public-private partnerships in the present days, which promote an education funded by the State, but controlled by the civil society ; in practice, such control is made by corporate groups, due to the lack of organization of the population for this purpose. Therefore, the hegemonic strategies of shaping and establishment of neoliberal educational policies contribute to the identification of the very phenomenon of the educational duality, within well planned organizational structures. The new faces of ED in the contradictions of a commercially-oriented education aligned with the international dictates influence local educational public policies. For instance, the School Integrated Management (GIDE), established since 2011 at the public-school network in the State of Rio de Janeiro, is a neoliberal-oriented project, based on a Taylorist-Fordist logic in its administrative pedagogical managerial functionalism. In such a system, it is evident the predictability of the plant process for the construction of knowledge under the seal of a new version of technicism that restricts school and professional creativity and autonomy, elects a fragmented and minimal curricular program, prioritizes the quantitative character of statistical outcomes which, for this purpose, bureaucratizes the work of the teacher and the school. Opposed to such an instrumental and standardized education developed by GIDE, it is convenient to review the meaning of a libertarian education, which is the one consecrating freedom and progressively renouncing to authority in an education having the ultimate purpose of forming free human beings respecting the freedom of others. This research in the Education field strongly points to the federalization of the public-school units. The school floor must take upon itself its possible autonomy against a centralizing teaching system in a dialectical process of identity recreation and reaffirmation of school as a local organizational force working side by side with the community