A ameaça do Leviatã: a Antigovernança e a Emancipação Condicionada na construção do Mito da Governança Pública

Abstract

This work analyzes the social construction processes and networks of technological innovation in selective collection projects. The object of study that deepens the theme itself lies on the social construction of selective collection as a way to produce engendered in governance networks formed by public and private actors. For this, we rely on the case study of a cooperative of waste pickers who work with the selective collection, located in the neighborhood of Maria da Graça, North Zone of Rio de Janeiro. In this sense, given that cooperatives are part of these structures, the aim of this work asks how cooperatives have been behaving in the face of public governance networks, aiming to improve their structures. Initially we situate an analysis of the National Solid Waste Policy, and considering aspects of content and legal basis and to considerate its mechanisms. We also present the main understandings of the selective collection, bringing data in Brazil, in the State and City of Rio de Janeiro. As of interpretation and analysis methodology, we rely on Social Constructivism from the methodological basis of the Social Construction of Technology, approached by Pinch and Bijker. In this sense, we rely on the five analytical bases indicated by the authors to procedure the following chapters. Then we organize an theoretical references about the Technological Innovations, Social Technology, Social Innovations, Cooperativism and for deep and critical analysis, we situate reference on Public Governance. From the field research with different actors that are part of public governance network of selective collection in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, we argue that the Public Governance works deliberately by two mechanisms - the "Antigovernance" and "Conditioned Emancipation". We believe that the Public Governance is as a kind of Leviathan - the mythical figure originated by Hobbes, which brings him it the "strength" and institutional apparatus of convergence of interests and dilution of disputes. In fact, the Public Governance is chaotic force precisely the opposite of what advocates. These two elements form the Leviathan, a "project" of management of public, raised to the maximum power of credibility as something grandly institutional able to gather in strength and stability, a number of actors with different interests in an convergent environment, stable, aggregator and capable of diluting disputes and bargaining, since all organize their capacity in state hands this, able to organize in a "project", the combined development of various actors. This, in theory, as in practice the reverse is true