Análise proteômica comparativa dos componentes da superfície celular e do secretoma de Aspergillus fumigatus

Abstract

Aspergillus fumigatus is the main etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis (IA), a opportunistic a life-threatening disease for immunocompromised hosts, especially those with acute and prolonged neutropenia. During the invasion and dissemination, which occurs in this systemic infection, the A. fumigatus conidia, after its inhalation, germinates into angioinvasive hyphae in case the innate immune response fails in eliminate these cells. Little is known about the cell wall molecules and/or the secreted proteins involved on the A. fumigatus pathogenesis, at this context the present work aims to amplify the knowledge about the aspergillosis by studying the differentially surface proteins of A. fumigatus during the filamentation process. These cells were denominated according to their morphology and their growth time as: TG6h (germ tubes), H12h and H72h (hyphae). The surface proteins were mildly extracted from intact cells using the reducing agent DTT (dithiothreitol). The functional profile of the H12h and H72h were similar except for the stress response proteins, while the TG6h presented significant differences for several functional groups. On this base, the DIGE (differential gel electrophoresis) was performed using the surface extracted proteins of the germ tubes (TG6h) and mature hyphae (H72h) cells. The results indicate that multiple functional proteins and proteins related to the biosynthesis pathways were overexpressed at TG6h. Some stress response proteins as the HSPs were overexpressed on this morphotype while the MnSOD, oxidative stress responsive protein, was most abundant at the hyphae. PhiA, an integrant protein of the cell wall, was the only protein with a secretion signal sequence. All other proteins identified on the cell surface lack an identifiable secretion sign, and are denominated atypical proteins. The plasma membrane integrity was verified after the mild extraction using DTT, and also the biotinylation of the cell extracted proteins, which ensured these proteins surface localization on the fungal cell. There are hypothesis that some proteins can be transport to the cell wall by alternative pathways and support the results found for this work. These evidences were confirmed by the fact that the proteins identified at the surface were not the same identified on the A. fumigatus secretome. Besides, all proteins identified on the secretome presented secretion signal determinate by the FunSecKB (www.proteomics.ysu.edu/secretomes/fungi.php). The secretome analysis was performed using the wild type AF293 and the ∆prtT mutant, lacking a transcription factor that regulates proteases secretion. The results demonstrate ALP1 overexpressed on the wild type and also other proteases important to virulence and development of the fungal cell suppressed when prtT was deleted