Papel de metaloproteases de Estreptococos do grupo B na interação,viabilidade celular e indução de apoptose e necrose em células endoteliais e epiteliais humanas

Abstract

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis and has recently been recognized as an increasingly common cause of invasive disease in immunocompromised adults (elderly or chronic diseases). GBS produces a number of extracellular enzymes, several of which interact with the host immune system and are important for the GBS- host interaction and for the development of disease. Previous studies showed that metalloproteases are involved in several metabolic pathways in different cellular types. For this reason, we decided to investigate the possible involvement of GBS metalloproteases during cell interaction and apoptosis/necrosis induced by microorganism in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and epithelial respiratory cells line (A549). Treatment of GBS with metalloproteases inhibitors (EDTA, EGTA and PHEN) did not induce alteration on bacterial growth, but promoted changes in the expression of surface proteins, adhesive capacity and profile of intracellular survival of the pathogen. The GBS and supernatant of bacterial growth medium (conditioned medium; MC) promoted the death of HUVEC and A549 cells. However, the metalloproteases inhibitors treatment restored the cellular viability induced by GBS and MC, suggesting that GBS metalloproteases are involved in the disruption of cell barrier, promoting bacterial dissemination. This study describes for the first time apoptosis and necrosis induced by GBS and MC in HUVEC and A549 cells after 24h incubation, respectively. We also observe reduction of pro-caspase-3 after infection of HUVEC with GBS and MC, suggesting activation of caspase-3. Moreover, the over-expression of pro -apoptotic protein Bax and decrease of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 levels in HUVEC show the involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic mechanism (intrinsic via). Enhanced understanding of the molecular basis of GBS pathogenesis may pinpoint novel bacterial and host molecules that can represent novel therapeutic or immunoprophylactic targets against disease caused by this foremost of neonatal pathogens.