Efeito do tratamento com óleo de chia (Salvia hispanica L.) nos diferentes tipos de tecido adiposo de camundongos Swiss alimentados com dieta obesogênica

Abstract

Functional changes in different types of adipose tissue are commonly present in obesity and have been referred as remodeling. Some fatty acids, such as polyunsaturated omega-3, were related to the consequences of obesity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil on the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of obese animals at different stages of life. Male Swiss mice were divided into 4 groups at 21 days of age, fed diets up to 135 days: EU: control diet; H: high fat diet (45% Kcal of lipids); HC: animals of group H with supplementation of chia oil from 90 days; HCD:high fat diet with chia oil supplementation since weaning. Glucose tolerance; inflammatory markers; morphometry of epididymal adipose tissue; expression of genes and proteins involved in the remodeling of adipose tissue by qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were evaluated. Chia oil supplementation caused changes in both groups. In HCD, food intake and serum leptin concentrations were reduced. In epididymal adipose tissue, supplementation promoted less adipocyte hypertrophy. In addition, it resulted in improved glycemic response and animals from the HCD group increased the mitochondrial load markers in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, suggesting the browning process. Obesity and supplementation did not promote changes related to angiogenesis or the presence of macrophages in epididymal adipose tissue. Thus, the results suggest that supplementation with chia oil may minimize the changes caused by obesity, mainly in the HCD group.