Reconstrução tridimensional aplicada ao ensino de ciências e biologia na educação básica

Abstract

The didactic models are teaching resources used by teachers as supporting tools in the educational process. Several educational models have been developed and used in Science and Biology teaching to improve learning. Didactic models of the human body, for example, are very diverse, although the high cost makes it unfeasible for use by many schools. For other topics of Science and Biology teaching, such as, biological diversity and genetics, there are not a lot of didactic models available. The three-dimensional reconstruction tools, combined with some forms of 3D visualization, such as augmented reality, virtual reality, and 3D printing, have enormous potential for the development of didactic models of different themes, as well as to facilitate access by schools. The present study proposed the use of three-dimensional tools as auxiliary resources in Science and Biology teaching for students and teachers of Primary and Secondary Education. Three-dimensional models and virtual and augmented reality applications (apps) were selected based on the potential for use in the classroom in Primary and Secondary Education. In addition to the selection of already available resources, it was made an augmented reality application based on the three-dimensional scanning of four specimens belonging to clade Arthropoda. All the material selected and developed during the project has been used and tested in two public schools in Rio de Janeiro, one Middle School and one High School, accounting fora total of 113 students and 23 teachers involved. The evaluation of these materials, made through questionnaires for students and teachers, showed great interest about the augmented and virtual reality tools, in addition to the printed 3D models. The positive response from both students and teachers, as well as the large number of topics that can benefit from the use of three-dimensional reconstruction and other 3D tools, make it clear that this is a promising field for future research projects.